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Low-Grade Heat Conversion into Power Using Small Scale Organic Rankine Cycles

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Low-Grade Heat Conversion into Power Using Small Scale Organic Rankine Cycles ( low-grade-heat-conversion-into-power-using-small-scale-organ )

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Wexp=Mr  w1+w2 ηmech (7.3) For given rotational speed and fluid flow rate, the expander imposes the evaporating pressure. This is computed by: (7.4) FF is the filling factor; ρsu, the density at the expander inlet; Vs, the swept volume and Nrot the rotational speed. 7.4.2 The heat exchanger model The condenser and the evaporator are modeled using the ε-NTU method for counter- flow heat exchangers. The heat exchanger is divided into three zones (Figure 7.3) (Quoilin et al., 2010): a liquid zone, a two-phase zone and a vapour zone. Each zone is characterized by the heat transfer area A and a heat transfer coefficient U. The heat transfer coefficient U is given by1/U=1/hr +1/hsf . Mr = FF.ρsu.Vs.Nrot 60 Liquid zone Two-phase zone Vapor zone (T sf,ex,ev TT sf,ex,ev,tp sf,su,ev,tp .. ;Msf,ev ) (T ;Msf,ev ) sf,su,ev .. (Tr,su,ev;Mr,ev ) (Tr,ex,ev;Mr,ev ) Tr,su,ev,tp Tr,ex,ev,tp Figure 7.3 - Three-zone model of the heat exchangers 7.4.3 The pump model The pump is characterized by its swept volume (Vs) and its global isentropic efficiency (ηp). Its electrical consumption is calculated using the relation .. Wel,p =Vs,p (P -P )/η (7.5) r,ex,p r,su,p p In the latter model (Figure 7.4), the mass flow rate displaced by the pump depends on the pump capacity (Xp) and swept volume. Pr,su,p and Pr,ex,p are the pressure at the pump‘s inlet and outlet respectively. .. (Pr,su,p;Vs,p) (Pr,ex,p;Vs,p) (Xp,ηs) Figure 7.4 - Pump model Page | 168

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