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Low-Grade Heat Conversion into Power Using Small Scale Organic Rankine Cycles

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Low-Grade Heat Conversion into Power Using Small Scale Organic Rankine Cycles ( low-grade-heat-conversion-into-power-using-small-scale-organ )

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30000 100 95 Qev Qcd Ta,ex 28000 26000 24000 22000 20000 18000 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 16000 40 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011121314151617181920 Pev [bar] Figure 7.6 - Heat input, heat rejected and temperature of the rejected exhaust Figure 7.7 shows the evolution of the net power output and cycle thermal efficiency. An optimum is obtained for both parameters but at different pressure values. The maximum net power of 2 kWe is obtained for 11.84 bar while the maximum cycle efficiency is observed when the pressure reaches 16 bar. The maximum cycle efficiency is explained by under-expansion losses in the expander that increase when the pressure ratio is increased. In an ORC-WHR, the heat source is free and would be otherwise discharged to the environment. And, therefore, unlike in the cases of solar or biomass ORCs for which the fuel management is of important preoccupation, the output power and not the cycle efficiency should be maximized. 2200 9 W n e t c c y ycl e 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 00 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011121314151617181920 Pev [bar] Figure 7.7 - Net power output and cycle efficiency Page | 171 Wnet [W] Qev, Qcd [W] cycle[%] Ta,ex [°C]

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