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Modeling of a Low Temperature Rankine Cycle for Small Scale Cogen

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Modeling of a Low Temperature Rankine Cycle for Small Scale Cogen ( modeling-low-temperature-rankine-cycle-small-scale-cogen )

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Sylvain Quoilin Chapter 2 : Low temperature heat recovery This chapter gives a brief theoretical introduction to the Organic Rankine Cycles and to the other possible solutions for heat recovery. An analysis of the optimal working fluid for the ORC is proposed and a few possible applications are detailed. 2.1 The Rankine cycle. The well known Rankine cycle is the most used in traditional power plants. The working fluid is pumped to a boiler where it is evaporated, passes through a turbine and is finally re condensed. In the ideal cycle, the expansion and compression are isentropic, and the heat transfers in the evaporator and the condenser are isobaric. Figure 1: Ideal Rankine Cycle The shape of a thermodynamic cycle can be used to grossly evaluate its efficiency and specific work : ● The T­s diagram can give an idea of the cycle efficiency. The more rectangular the cycle, the closer to the ideal Carnot cycle, and the higher the efficiency. ● The p­v diagram can give an idea of the specific work produced by the cycle. This work is given by the area between the curves of the cycle (yellow area). The two conditions (cycle efficiency and high specific work) are antagonist : a more rectangular cycle usually means a flatter p­v diagram. In the case of a traditional Rankine cycle, the p­v diagram shows a good specific work but the t­s diagram is not rectangular and its efficiency is thus lowered. 10

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