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Modeling of a Low Temperature Rankine Cycle for Small Scale Cogen

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Modeling of a Low Temperature Rankine Cycle for Small Scale Cogen ( modeling-low-temperature-rankine-cycle-small-scale-cogen )

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Sylvain Quoilin Chapter 2 : Low temperature heat recovery 2.4 Working fluids for the low temperature Rankine Cycle. The selection of the working fluid is of key importance in low temperature Rankine Cycles. Because of the low temperature, heat transfer inefficiencies are highly prejudicial to the efficiency. These inefficiencies depend very strongly on the thermodynamic characteristics of the fluid and on the operating conditions. Optimal characteristics of the working fluid : ● Isentropic saturation vapor curve. Since the purpose of the ORC focuses on the recovery of low grade heat power, a superheated approach like the traditional Rankine cycle is not appropriate. Therefore, a small superheating at the exhaust of the evaporator will always be preferred, which has consequences on the optimal thermodynamic properties of the fluid : The saturation curve in the T­s diagram can have a positive, negative or vertical slope (figure 3). The preferred characteristic for low temperature Rankine cycles is the isentropic saturation vapor curve (R11 in figure 3). Indeed, the saturation curve is parallel to the line of the Figure 3: Wet, isentropic and dry saturation vapor curve 14

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