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Sylvain Quoilin Chapter 3 : Description of the Test Bench 3.2 Scroll expander The scroll expander is a positivedisplacement machine. It is initially a scroll compressor, adapted to work in expander mode. The original scroll compressor is an oilfree air compressor, with a swept volume of 148 cm3 and an internal builtin volume ratio of 4.1. Operating principle of a scroll compressor. A scroll compressor is composed of two spirals, a fixed one and a mobile one. The mobile scroll orbits eccentrically without rotating, thereby trapping and compressing pockets of fluid between the scrolls. As shown in Figure 5, in compressor mode, the fluid is trapped in two pockets at the periphery of the two spirals. As the outer spiral orbits, the volume of the two trapped pockets decreases, and the fluid is moved towards the center. Simultaneously, the pressure of the fluid increases. The compressed fluid is finally discharged through the discharge port located at the center of the two spirals. In expander mode, the fluid flows from the center to the periphery. figure 5: Working principle of the scroll compressor The scroll compressor is very widespread in refrigeration applications. It has fewer moving parts than reciprocating compressors, which improves its reliability and reduces the sound pollution. Scroll compressors are known to be very compact and to operate very smoothly, as their vibration level is limited. 3.2.1 Leakages There are two types of leakage in a scroll compressor : the flank leakage is due to the clearance between the flanks of the two scrolls, and the radial leakage is due the clearance between the tip of one scroll and the plate of the other one [Chen et al, 2002]. 22PDF Image | Modeling of a Low Temperature Rankine Cycle for Small Scale Cogen
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