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Sylvain Quoilin Chapter 3 : Description of the Test Bench figure 6: Leakages in a scroll machine In compression mode, the leakage reduces the volumetric efficiency and increases the specific compression work, as the fluid, passing from a high pressure region to a low pressure region, needs to be recompressed. In the same way, the leakage reduces the output power of a scroll machine working as expander, as the fluid flows directly from the high pressure region to the low pressure region without producing any useful work. 3.2.2 Conversion of the scroll compressor into an expander. Scroll compressors may be lubricated or not. Lubrication reduces the friction between the two scrolls and reduces the leakage area. However, modifying a lubricated scroll compressor into an expander raises several problems : ● The rotation taking place in the opposite direction, the oil pump might not work anymore if it is directly connected to the shaft of the compressor. In this case, a separate oil circuit has to be added. ● The compatibility of the working fluid with the lubricating oil is not guaranteed if the compressor has not been designed for ORC fluids. In order to cope with these problems the scroll machine selected for this test bench is an oilfree compressor. Another consideration taken into account for the choice of the compressor is the internal builtin ratio: it has to be adapted to the range of pressure ratios imposed to the expander. With respect to the application studied here, a machine with a high internal builtin volume ratio is selected. A schematic view of the scroll compressor used is given is figure 7. 23PDF Image | Modeling of a Low Temperature Rankine Cycle for Small Scale Cogen
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