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Sylvain Quoilin Chapter 4 : Description of the experiments 4.2.4 Preparation of the new tests. 4.2.4.1 Refrigerant charge calculation As the circuit is completely emptied and modified after the second set of tests, a new evaluation of the refrigerant charge is needed. The volume of each element has to be calculated. The regions of the cycle where the fluid is in vapor state are not taken into account, the density of the vapor being negligible compared to that of the liquid. The volumes taken into account are the following : 1. Volume of the pump It is evaluated by the product between the diaphragm area and the stroke length : ⋅d2 2 Vpump= diaphr⋅l=⋅0.120 ⋅0.025=2.83⋅10−4m3 2. Volume of the piping. The tubes concerned are the tubes between the outlet of the condenser and the inlet of the evaporator. Their total length is approximately 4 m and their internal diameter is 16 mm. ⋅0.0162 −4 3 V tubes = 4 ⋅4=8.04⋅10 m 3. Volume of the evaporator : The total volume of the heat exchangers is given in section 3.3. The working fluid only occupies half of that volume, the other half being filled with hot air. It is assumed that 12 of the evaporator volume is filled with liquid. This assumption arbitrary, the purpose being only to put enough refrigerant in order to fill the circuit. The adjustment of the refrigerant charge to get the desired level is done by adding or removing refrigerant during the test. The volume is thus expressed by : Vev=1⋅Voltot,hx1Voltot, hx2Voltot ,hx3=2.31l=2.31⋅10−3 m3 2222 4. Volume of the condenser : The approach is the same than for the evaporator. In this case, it is assumed that 34 of the condenser is filled with liquid. Vcond=3⋅Volhx, cdVolhx, cd =2.81⋅10−3 m3 422 The amount of refrigerant that needs to be introduced in the circuit is given by : mr123=r123⋅V pumpV tubesV evVcond =9.2kg The refrigerant charge to introduce in the circuit is thus evaluated to 10 kg, in order to take into account the refrigerant mass in vapor state and the possible refrigerant losses during the transfer. 58 44PDF Image | Modeling of a Low Temperature Rankine Cycle for Small Scale Cogen
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