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Sylvain Quoilin Chapter 4 : Description of the experiments Figure 39: Asynchronous machine The asynchronous machine efficiency decreases with the shaft power, and seems to stabilize to a value between 80 and 90 % for higher output powers. The nominal power of the asynchronous motor is 7,5 kW. It is therefore obvious that the machine is not working in its optimal range of power. The (very small) variation of the efficiency at different shaft rotation speeds can be explained by a better or worse alignment of the pulley, as the latter had to be changed to modify the shaft rotation speed. 4.4.6 Presence of noncondensable gas in the circuit. The following observation leads to the conclusion of the presence of a noncondensable gas in the circuit : When the cycle is stopped several hours, it is observed that its pressure stabilizes at a mean value of 1.3 to 1.4 bar and at a temperature close to the ambient temperature (around 22°C). The vapor pressure of the working fluid at this temperature is 0.82 bar. It is therefore concluded that a non condensable gas (most likely air) is present, whose partial vapor pressure in the cycle is around 0.5 bar. The presence of air in the circuit is explained by the negative relative vapor pressure of the refrigerant at low temperatures. It is very likely that this air enters the circuit through small leaks when the temperature is minimal (during the night). The pressure it then increased up the observed pressure when the temperature of the circuit increases during the day. To remove the air, the pump is run at the beginning of each test without activating the heat source and the heat sink. A part of the air is purged at the drain cock. It is observed that the mean pressure of the cycle decreases from 1.4 bar down to 1.1 bar. This presence of air in the circuit can't explain the observation of the twophase state at the pump supply, since a second liquid indicator installed at the exhaust of the pump does not detect any bubble. 72PDF Image | Modeling of a Low Temperature Rankine Cycle for Small Scale Cogen
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