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Sylvain Quoilin Chapter 4 : Description of the experiments 4.5 Conclusion A total of 71 tests is performed on the test bench : The two first series of tests show acceptable results, they demonstrate the feasibility of such an organic Rankine cycle. In those tests, the efficiencies reached are quite low and very far from the Carnot efficiency. They could easily be improved by a better design of the expander and an optimization of the cycle. Themeasurementsshowmanyincoherencies,especiallyfortheairflowrate: themeasuredflowrate seems wrong and is abandoned in favor of the theoretical flow rate of the hot air generator. A high pressure drop is also measured in the condenser. This pressure drop being detrimental to the cycle, it is to be improved in the next tests. The range of parameters used for the first series of test is quite limited. It is widened in the second series. It is obvious that some refrigerant losses occurred during the test period. The consequence is a very low refrigerant flow rate in the second series of test, and a poor output power. The third series of test is performed in agreement with the experience and the recommendations of the two first sets of tests. The circuit is insulated, a coriolis flow meter is installed, and an expansion tank is set up. The results show a very good improvement of the output power and of the cycle efficiency. Another very important improvement on the test bench is the ability to modify the refrigerant charge. This charge turns out to be a primordial parameter to maximize the cycle output power. The low flow rate detected in the second series of tests is explained by the apparition of a twophase stateattheexhaustofthecondenser. Thistwophasestateoccursevenifthefluidissubcooled,andis explained by the condenser asymmetry. The presence of a noncondensable gas is highlighted and shows that the circuit is not completely hermetic. 73PDF Image | Modeling of a Low Temperature Rankine Cycle for Small Scale Cogen
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