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Sylvain Quoilin Chapter 6 : Recommendations The Organic Rankine Cycle test bench has been improved over the 3 sets of experiments. Those improvements resulted in more accurate measurements, better control of the parameters, higher efficiency and output power. However, some new improvements on the test bench and on the models can still be performed. The following nonexhaustive list details the most important achievable improvements. Improvements on the test bench : ● Changing the order of the heat sources in the evaporator : The mean temperature of the first heat source is approximately 185°C, while the mean temperature of the second heat source doesn't exceed 160°C. The heat exchange would hence be better if the first heat source was located on the last exchanger of the evaporator. The temperature profile would be improved, and the exergetic losses would lower. In test 34, the second heat source even decreases the temperature of the refrigerant, which is of course an aberration. ● Changing the configuration of the condenser : As explained in the previous chapters, the asymmetry of the condenser (series on the water side and parallel on the refrigerant side) resulted in a twophase flow at the pump supply and in high difficulties for the modeling. The best configuration would be a parallel association for both sides, in order to keep the pressure drops as low as possible, and to eliminate the twophase flow at the exhaust. ● Addition of a drain cock at the level of the evaporator : The actual drain cock is located at the exhaust of the pump, in the liquid line. A second drain cock (which could be a simple purging valve) between the evaporator and the expander would be very useful to purge the non condensable gases present in the cycle. ● Installation of the torque meter directly on the expander shaft. This will prevent the uncertainties linked to the unknown efficiency of the transmission belt and thus allow a better measurement of the expander shaft power. ● Improvement of the expander : This last point is probably the most important. As aforementioned, the expander is not optimized at all. It is the component of the cycle that shows the highest potential of improvement. The internal leaks may be reduced, as well as the external leaks that cause refrigerant losses. The friction torque may also be easily reduced. The best option would be a hermetic expander, which shows 2 main advantages : ○ No external leaks, and thus no refrigerant losses. This would also permit the use of flammable refrigerants such as npentane, which were not used until now because of the leakage possibility. ○ Reduction of the heat losses : the electricity generating device being integrated into the expander, its inefficiencies will result in heat that may be transmitted to the fluid. It is 109PDF Image | Modeling of a Low Temperature Rankine Cycle for Small Scale Cogen
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