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Chapter 2 Project Preparation This chapter describes the preparation work for this project. The preparation work includes three parts: the selection of an appropriate low temperature heat engine, the layout of required elements for testing plan (critical parameters, etc.), and testing site (utility, heat source, heat sink, etc.) selection. SELECTION OF A LOW TEMPERATURE HEAT ENGINE FOR TESTING The proposed project began with a survey (2008, by Jared Kruzek) of accessible manufacturers, who are involved in low temperature heat engine industry, about their industrial applications and potential and willingness of delivering, within a reasonable time frame, a low temperature heat engine with a power capacity between 10kW and 100kW. 18 manufacturers were contacted and their general product information covered (Appendix IA). The final manufacturers selected for further consideration included an ammonia/water system manufacturer and an ORC system manufacturer. The ammonia/water system manufacturer was contacted first due to its previous credible working experience with Alaskan power industry. In addition, the manufacturer has showed its complete design layout and willingness of spending its own budget for fabricating the system. In 2010, the pre-shipment testing conducted to the fabricated ammonia/water system showed that a major component (the heat to power conversion unit) used for this system has two major drawbacks. These two drawbacks were hampering the overall system performance and caused repeated delays in delivery. While the manufacturer was continuing to work on improving the product, no timeline for delivery could be established. The drawbacks included: 1) migration of lubrication fluid from the power unit into the loop of working fluid, which lowered the heat transfer efficiency significantly after a short period of operation, and 2) much lower than expected heat-to- power-conversion efficiency of the power unit. After the selection of the two manufacturers for further contact, the ACEP team has been continuing in contact with the ORC system manufacturer. In 2010, the ORC manufacturer has shown promising test results on its ORC prototype. The ACEP team decided to acquire an ORC system to keep the test project going. In order to be sure that no other promising technologies were overlooked, another survey was conducted (by Kelsey Boyer) to up-date the information in low temperature heat engine industry. The result showed that not much of changes had occurred since the first survey. The report of the second survey is given in Appendix IB. REQUIRED ELEMENTS FOR TEST PLAN AND TEST SITE The test plan has been decided to have two parts: one is for reliability test and the other performance test. It doesn’t matter which part of test is considered, a heat engine needs a heat source, which can provide driving energy to the heat engine and emulate the heating conditions (i.e. temperatures and flow rates) receivable from the waste heat generated from village diesel generators. A heat engine also needs a cooling source, which can 9PDF Image | Optimizing Heat Recovery Systems for Power Generation in Rural AK
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