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12 11 10 9 8 7 6 Heat Source Temperature of 250F System Pump Work Only All Pump Work (Tc=21C) All Pump Work (Tc=5C) 0.7 0.75 0.8 0.85 0.9 0.95 1 Expander Inlet Quality (kg/kg) Figure–3: Efficiency of ORC system with varying screw expander inlet quality for heat source temperature of 250oF (121.11oC). The effect of heat source temperature on the ORC system efficiency can also be observed in Figure–2 (93oC) and Figure–3 (121.11oC). As the heat source temperature increases the efficiency of the ORC system increases. Here in simulating the system for different heat source temperatures the screw expander inlet pressure conditions (or evaporator exit conditions) were different though all other system parameters remained same (i.e. condenser pressure, expander and pump efficiencies, heat source flow rate etc). For heat source temperature of 93oC case the expander inlet pressure was 6.95 bar and for 121.11oC case the pressure was 15.7 bar. As more work is produced by the expander when it goes from high pressure at expander inlet to same condenser pressure, this may be the reason for increase in system efficiency for different heat source temperatures. Based on the given model, simulation results show that the higher temperature of the heating fluid and lower temperature of cooling fluid give better system performance. Higher flow rates for both heating and cooling flows also give better system performance. However, the increase in system performance may be capped by the size of the respective heat exchangers. For the current model, efficiencies of the pump and screw expander are both considered constant. This may lead to a monotonically increasing relationship between the system efficiency and the efficiencies of the working fluid pump or the screw expander. However, according to published data, the ORC system may have an optimal efficiency in terms of the working fluid flow rate at each operation condition, defined by the heating and cooling flow conditions. This suggests that, in order to better simulate the system performance, the model of the system need to include parameter of working fluid flow rate and other related parameters, such as parameters defining performance of pumps, screw expander, evaporator, 17 Efficiency (%)PDF Image | Optimizing Heat Recovery Systems for Power Generation in Rural AK
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