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Radial Compressor Options for Supercritical CO2 Power Conversion Cycles

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Radial Compressor Options for Supercritical CO2 Power Conversion Cycles ( radial-compressor-options-supercritical-co2-power-conversion )

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Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Foreword This is a required deliverable under our contract with Sandia for “Qualification of the Supercritical CO2 Power Conversion Cycle for Advanced Reactor Applications” as called for in the amended statement of work in Sandia PR #806934 dated 3/17/2006. Its principal topic is the analysis of radial compressor options for our reference 300 MWe power conversion system (PCS). 1.2 Background Over the past few years the MIT group has been engaged in designing and evaluating the supercritical CO2 PCS for Gen-IV applications. A principal motivation is its ability to attain good thermodynamic efficiency (≈45%) for moderate turbine inlet temperatures (≈550°C), and its extremely compact turbomachinery. These features are summarized in Refs. [1.1], [1.2] and [1.3]. Work has evolved from overall scoping studies to progressively more detailed turbomachinery design, as documented in Refs. [1.4] through [1.8]. These analyses have focused on the use of axial turbomachinery because of its high efficiency and ability to handle high volumetric and mass flow rates. At the same time it was recognized (and supported by the Barber Nichols industrial review team at the meeting held by DOE/Sandia with MIT/ANL on Aug. 31, 2005) that the option of using radial turbomachinery should also be evaluated, in large part because of its wider operating range and more rugged nature. This report summarizes the subsequent MIT effort along these lines. 1.3 Organization of This Report In Chapter 2, a brief overview of the generic aspects of substituting radial for axial turbomachinery is presented. Chapter 3 contains the heart of the matter, presenting designs for radial versions of both the main and recompressing compressors. Chapter 4 covers off-normal performance map development, needed for future dynamic and control studies. Chapter 5 briefly discusses a radial version of the turbine, and the reasons why it is recommended that this option be dropped. 1

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