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6.3 Energy prices and biofuel taxation The electricity price in Sweden for the consumers in the year 2000 was 73.5 Öre/kWhe (8.3 cent/kWhe) including all taxes [Swedish National Energy Administration, 2000c]. For the industrial consumption the electricity price was 24.9 Öre/kWh (2.8 cent/kWhe). The district heating price for the year 2000 was 43.9 Öre/kWh (4.9 cent/kWh). [Swedish National Energy Administration, 2000c] An energy tax is applied to most of the fuels independently of the energy content [Swedish National Energy Administration, 2000c]. However, biofuels are excluded from this tax [Swedish National Energy Administration, 2000c]. A CO2 tax was implemented in the 1991, and it depends on the amount of carbon dioxide emitted by the fuels. Biofuels (including waste) and peat are free from the CO2 tax [Swedish National Energy Administration, 2000c]. The CO2 tax is also applied for the heat production in heat boilers or in the CHP plants [CompEduHPT, 2002]. A sulphur tax was also introduced in the 1991 [Swedish National Energy Administration, 2000c]. For coal and peat the sulphur tax is 30 SEK/kg (3.4 EUR/kg), and for oil 27 SEK/m3 (3.0 EUR/m3) per 0.1 % by weight of sulfur content. Biofuels have no sulphur tax [Swedish National Energy Administration, 2000c]. In the 1992, a NOx tax was introduced with a rate of 40 SEK/kg (4.5 EUR/kg) of NOx emissions from power plants with a power capacity higher than 10 MWe [CompEduHPT] and electricity production of more than 25 GWhe/year [Swedish National Energy Administration, 2000c]. The tax is based on the NOx emissions measured at the stack. However, if there are no measurements, a value of 250 mg/MJ is assigned [CompEduHPT, 2002]. This tax is repaid to the operators based on their energy production, their NOx emissions, and the average emissions of the country [CompEduHPT, 2002]. The electricity taxes vary depending on the region (north or south of Sweden), the period of the year (reduced taxes from April to October) [CompEduHPT, 2002], and the end use of the fuels [Swedish National Energy Administration, 2000c]. In short, the fuels used for electricity production are free from the energy and the CO2 tax [Swedish National Energy Administration, 2000c]. Biofuels are free from the sulphur tax but subject to the NOx tax. For the case of heat production, thermal plants pay the energy tax, the CO2 tax, the sulphur tax, and the NOx tax [Swedish National Energy Administration, 2000c]. Here, biofuels are free from the energy, the CO2, and the sulphur taxes (excluding peat) [Swedish National Energy Administration, 2000c]. The fuels used for electricity production in the CHP plants are free from the energy and the CO2 tax [Swedish National Energy Administration, 2000c]. The fuels used for heat 48PDF Image | Small-scale biomass CHP Finland Denmark and Sweden
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