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PV Modules LCOE calculations were done at the Tier 1 level for modules by exploring different values for metrics in the commercial reference system, based on a variety of module technology enhancements, and across several module technologies. This was done using the newly developed SAM, which consists of three major software components that combine a set of user inputs to calculate key metrics of merit, including the LCOE of the system. Based on the user’s inputs, these components calculate the performance of the system over its life, the total cost to install and maintain the system, and the cost of financing the procurement of the system. It should be noted that, in addition to uncertainties related to inputs, the development of SAM is still under way. And full validation of all performance, cost, and financial models has not taken place, although considerable preliminary validation of all aspects of SAM ensures that the outputs generated and shown in this section fall in reasonable and expected ranges. Further, many assumptions have been made in how to approach the modeling of different system sizes and technologies. To reiterate, although the LCOE numbers produced by SAM and shown below are in the expected range, the focus of the reader should be on relative comparisons and not on absolute values. The results of Tier 1 module analyses are shown in Table 3.1.6-1. To conduct these analyses for each module technology, a 2005 base case was configured in SAM using the 2005 benchmarked values for module efficiency, cost, lifetime, and reliability. (Additional considerations for lifetime and reliability will be given below.) From these values, coupled with other assumptions (detailed in Appendix A), the baseline LCOE was calculated. From each module technology’s baseline, each parameter was changed from its 2005 base value to its 2011 target value, one parameter at a time, to isolate that parameter’s impact on the LCOE. In all cases, the BOS parameters were kept at their 2005 levels (see Table 3.1.6-3). These impacts are shown in Table 3.1.6-1 in terms of the LCOE value, as well as the percentage change in LCOE when changing that parameter’s value to the 2011 target. Science and Technology Facility— An Integrated Approach to Research A new type of research facility will support a new way of doing research on several of the technologies highlighted in the President’s National Energy Policy, including the development of next-generation energy technologies such as hydrogen and fuel cells. Construction began in the fall of 2004 on the new Science and Technology Facility (S&TF), located at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, CO. Completion of the facility is expected in the summer of 2006. The S&TF was designed specifically to reduce barriers and time delays associated with transferring technology from research and development to industry. The centerpiece of the building will be the Process Development and Integration Laboratory (PDIL), specifically designed to accommodate a new class of c-Si and thin-film PV processing and characterization tools. The PDIL will allow researchers to pass samples between equipment in a controlled way, avoiding contamination from the air. The PDIL also will allow a scientist to integrate control systems and databases in such a way that someone who is growing a sample can see results of a measurement and vice versa. The S&TF will also include nine advanced material synthesis, characterization and general support laboratories. 37PDF Image | Solar Energy Technologies Program
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