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We emphasize that of the four major elements that go into the LCOE calculations—performance, cost, lifetime, and financing—the Solar Program can influence performance, cost, and lifetime, but not financing. In establishing the default financial parameters for the modeling, reasonable mid-range assumptions were sought where no explicit guidance was available. Other assumptions, such as discount rate, were referenced to guidance from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). Financial algorithms coded into SAM were taken from published works on the financing of renewable energy technologies.11 All financial assumptions are given in the reference systems specification sheets in Appendix A. The important consideration in making financial assumptions is that they remain fixed for case-to-case technology comparisons. To give the reader an idea of LCOE variations that can come from varying financial assumptions, Fig. 3.1.6-10 shows the effects on LCOE of choosing a variety of loan terms and amounts of the initial capital costs financed. As can be seen, the variation is significant from best case to worse case. The commercial reference case was calculated with 50% of the initial cost financed for 15 years. The marked impacts of the financing parameters on the cost of energy to the end user are very consistent with intentions seen in market-based incentive programs where policies (e.g., tax-based incentives) are designed to reduce the cost of energy at current hardware performance and cost levels. Fig. 3.1.6-10 LCOE as a function of different financed amounts and loan terms for the 2005 commercial reference system. The LCOE values given on the curves are in ¢/kWh. 3.1.7 PV Market Opportunities and Strategies for Overcoming Challenges The main objectives of deployment facilitation are to provide technical support in assisting market growth and to retrieve technical performance, cost, and reliability information from fielded applications. This information is then fed back to researchers, providing direct, market-based data that can drive decisions throughout the Solar Program. Deployment facilitation activities are geared to produce an impact on overall market volume across the spectrum of market sectors, 11 W. Short, D.J. Packey, and T. Holt, 1995, A Manual for the Economic Evaluation of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Technologies, NREL/TP-462-5173. 49PDF Image | Solar Energy Technologies Program
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