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Wood pellets In 2010, the community of Gulkana installed two cordwood boilers that provide heat to a district heating loop for their community of 120, as well as to the water lines to prevent winter freezing. The total cost of the project was $500,000 and replaced 14,600 gallons of heating fuel annually with locally cut cordwood. Cordwood is also the most common form of biomass for residential scale fire places and many communities are moving towards, or going back to using wood stoves for heating in place of oil or diesel heaters. When this is possible, wood can be a great residential heat source. Ensuring that the wood is properly dried and stored can improve efficiency and minimize air quality hazards. More information on residential wood stoves is available through the EPA’s Burnwise program. Information on wood smoke hazards and how to burn wood cleaner and more efficiently can be found on the wood smoke factsheet (below). Wood Pellet Biomass Systems Wood pellet biomass systems offer the widest range of sizes, from residential pellet stoves costing $2,000 to commercial boiler systems costing $10,000 or more. Pellet systems utilize wood waste that has been refined into pencil eraser-sized pellets with extremely low moisture and ash content so they burn more efficiently than chips or cordwood. The pellets are loaded into an automatic feeder on the system and fed into the furnace using an electric auger. Because of the refined nature of the pellets, pellet systems burn more efficiently and cleanly. As a result, these systems require very little maintenance and much less infrastructure is needed for installation. The downside of using pellets is that they do not create energy independence as pellets need to be imported. Pellets can be bought in bulk “supersacks” of 2,000 pounds for $300 or in residential 40 pound bags. In 2010 in Juneau, the Sealaska Plaza replaced its fuel oil boiler with a pellet boiler. The total cost of the shift was $214,000 for a Wood Pellet Boiler put out 750,640 BTUs per hour, enough to heat the 58,000 square foot building. In one year, the system burned 251 tons of pellets at EPA Burnwise program (information on residential wood stoves) http://www.epa.gov/burnwise EPA wood smoke factsheet and recommendations for clean and safe wood burning http://www.epa.gov/region10/pdf/tribal/anv_wood_smoke_aug2010.pdf Sustainable Energy Opportunities: Best Practices for Alaska Tribes Page 17PDF Image | Sustainable Energy Opportunities: Best Practices for Alaska Tribes
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