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Since Texas has extensive and diverse geothermal resources for electrical production, it is helpful to divide them into three categories for discussion: 1) geothermal-geopressured resources; 2) coproduced fluids; and 3) enhanced geothermal systems. Geothermal-Geopressured Resources A geothermal-geopressured resource consists of highly pressurized hot brine, due to pore water being trapped during the rapid burial history. There are three dominate parallel zones of geopressured formations (Wilcox, Vicksburg, and Frio) consisting of thick sand deposits that parallel the Texas Gulf coastline. These bands are considered the most important resource of geopressure in the United States (Wallace et al., 1979) (Figures 4 and 20). The weight of the impervious rock layer above the entrapped sand lenses, coupled with decomposition of existing organic matter, results in highly pressurized zones containing dissolved methane. The heat in the fluid is from the sediment being heated from below by natural radioactive decay in the basement rock and the pressure. Wells drilled into geopressure formations flow naturally to the surface. Water temperatures in these formations range from approximately 200°F to over 500°F. The total geopressure thickness is estimated at 50,000 feet; wells in these regions commonly drill into geopressure at depths of 8,500 to 18,000 feet in eastern Texas (SMU-TX RRC data). Although the entire Gulf Coast area is considered geothermal-geopressured at various depths, Bebout et al., (1982; 1983) described specific “geothermal fairways” having the most prospective reservoirs. These fairways are based on pressure, temperature, and sediment thickness. From northwest to southeast the fairways are in the Wilcox formation: Zapata, Duval, Live Oak, DeWitt, Colorado and Harris; and in the Frio formation: Hidalgo, Armstrong, Corpus Christi, Matagorda, and Brazoria (Figure 20). Examples of the geothermal fairway parameters for the Wilcox formation are shown in Table 3. 44PDF Image | Texas Geothermal Assessment for the I35 Corridor East
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