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4. The benefits of thermochemical heat pumps Thermochemical heat pumps or cooling machines by on solid/vapour systems have a number of advantages compare to conventional heat pumps or cooling machines. • These systems can be driven by waste heat. • The energy density is much higher compared to existing liquid absorption heat pumps because of the much higher reaction heat. • The primary process has no moving parts which offer advantages with respect to maintenance. • These systems have an inherent heat storage capability. Heat or cold can be stored for longer time periods with low losses. 5. Some applications of thermochemical heat pumps Thermochemical heat pumps can be applied in a generic way in all applications requiring heat or cold. The working couple depends on the temperature range of the application. The total temperature range in which a thermochemical heat pump can operate stretches out from -60oC till 600oC. Below some concrete examples are given. • Upgrading of industrial waste heat to medium pressure steam Based on two metal chlorides and ammonia vapour a system can be realised that upgrades waste heat of 140oC to 230oC. • Cooling of 5oC Based on the use of silica gel/water a system can be designed that uses waste heat in the order of 80-90oC to generate cooling of 5oC. 1. Upgrading industrial waste heat with a thermochemical heat pump This section describes the application of a thermochemical heat pump for upgrading industrial waste heat. A heat pump with a temperature lift of 50-100oC is necessary in order to upgrade industrial waste heat. A thermochemical heat pump is theoretically able to do this. There are two applications in this field. • Generic upgrading of industrial waste heat to a general utility like medium pressure steam. • Process specific upgrading of waste heat across the pinch temperature. The system operates at three temperature levels for both applications. These temperature levels are the waste heat temperature, the ambient temperature and the temperature of the upgraded heat. The system consists of two reactors, each containing a different salt. For this specific system use is made of lithium chloride as low temperature salt (LTS) and magnesium chloride as the high temperature salt (HTS). Ammonia vapour is exchanged 15PDF Image | Thermochemical Heat Pump
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