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CONCLUSION AND OUTLOOK The described method has been shown to be useful for rapid screening of possible TCM and composite materials. This way, hydration as well as dehydration characteristics of possible TCM materials, power density and cycling stability can be pretested before designing a laboratory scale reactor fitted to the desired application. The results indicate, that it is possible to use MgCl2 * 6 H2O as a TCM at temperatures below 100°C, which is relevant to a number of applications, for example heat storage for space heating and warm water applications and in combination with CHP plants. We made clear, that thermal decomposition is taking place at temperatures above 125°C and may be overlapping with the last dehydration step leading to the monohydrate salt. This is clarifying the ambivalent situation pictured in the available literature due to fast heating rates used in most TGA/DSC measurements, causing bias in the available data. For the moment it remains unclear, if additives could help in using the full potential of MgCl2 * 6 H2O by separating the thermal composition of the material from the third dehydration step, leading to the monohydrate salt, which would add another 10-20% in theoretically available storage capacity. It was shown, though, that additives can have various influences on the reaction characteristics of TCM and MgCl2 * 6 H2O in particular and should be studied in detail. Our investigations only mark a starting point for systematic studies regarding this subject. REFERENCES: 1. Fisch N. Wärmespeicher. BINE Informationsdienst, 4th edition, Bonn 2005 2. V. Helden, W. Thermal Storage: state-of-the-art, current questions, IRES 2010 conference themes. In: IRES 2010, 22th-24th of November, Berlin, Germany, 2010. 3. Brooke, H. J. On the Crystalline Forms of Artificial Salts. Annals of Philosophy, New Series, 6: 437 - 439, 1823. 4. Ide, K.H. Zur Hydratation und Dehydratation des Magnesiumsulfats und seiner Hydrate. Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 235:305-323, 1938. 5. Heide K. Thermische Untersuchungen an Salzmineralien III. Untersuchungen an Epsomit (MgSO4*7H2O) und den isotypen Verbindungen Morenosit (NiSO4*7H2O) und Goslarit (ZnSO4*7H2O). Chem. Erde, Bd. XXIV, 279-302. 6. Iyimen-Schwarz, Z., Lechner, M.D. Energiespeicherung durch chemische Reaktionen. I. DSC- Messungen zur quantitativen Verfolgung der Enthalpieänderungen von Speicherstoffen für die Hin- und Rückreaktion. Thermochimica Acta 68:349-361, 1983. 7. Perez-Davis, M.E., McKissock, B.I., DiFilippo, F. Thermochemical Energy Storage for a Lunar Base. NASA Technical Memorandum 105333, prepared for the International Solar Energy Conference, Lahaina, Maui, Hawaii, April 4-8, 1992. 8. Hauer, A. Beurteilung fester Adsorbentien in offenen Sorptionssystemen für energetische Anwendungen. PhD thesis, TU Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 2002. 9. Kato, Y., Sasaki, Y., Yoshizawa, Y. Thermal Performance Measurement of a Packet Bed Reactor of a Magnesium Oxide/Water Chemical Heat Pump. Journal of Chemical Engineering Japan 36:833-839, 2003. 10. V. Helden. Passive solar component for direct/indirect gain using innovative high capacity materials to store solar heat. In: International Conference "The case of energy autonomy: Storing Renewable Energies" (IRES I), Gelsenkirchen/Germany, 2006. 11. V. Essen, V.M., Cot Gores, J., Bleijendaal, L.P.J., Zondag, H.A., Schuitema, R., van Helden, W.G.J. Characterisation of salt hydrates for compact seasonal thermochemical storage. In: Proceedings of the ASME 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability, July 19-23, San Francisco, California, USA, 2009.PDF Image | THERMOCHEMICAL STORAGE MATERIALS RESEARCH
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