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4,269,170 34 Another object is to provide an energy storage sys tem for solar thermal collectors that is mutually com patibleandbene?cialtoaforcedhotairheatingsystem. Another object is to provide a chemical energy stor age system for solar energy that iseasily integrable with solar thermal ?at plate collectors. A furtherobjectistoprovideanenergystoragesys tem for solar thermal ?at plate collectors that isef?cient overlongperiodsofsunlessdays(i.e.,allowsverylitle energy loss). Still another object is to provide an energy storage system for solar thermal ?at plate collectors that allows easily contollable and ef?cient release of energy from storageforheating. Yet another object is to provide an energy storage system for solar thermal ?at plate collectors that is economically attractive for the individual home-owner in comparison to current and projected costs for home heating by conventional means. A ?nalobjectistoprovideanenergystoragesystem for solar thermal ?at plate collectors that also provides air puri?cation by means of adsorbing hydrocarbon pollutants from the building’s interior air. The solar energy collected by the solar collector is functional in two ways: ?rst, the air circulated through the collector volume isheated, thus allowing heating of the house in the manner just described and; second, the heat within the collector, in conjunction with the dry air?ow through the collector caused by blower (item 5 in FIG. 1), purges the zeolite 13X bed of much of its adsorbed water and is thus chemically stored in the potential heat of adsorption of the 13X. The ef?ciency 10 ofthisstorageprocessdependsonthetemperatureof the zeolite bed, the humidity of the purgative air?ow, and the speed of the purgative air?ow. Now, the air emerging from the radiator 3 is cooler and of high humidity because of the purging of the water adsorbate from the zeolite bed. When this air ?ows through insulated pipe 2C, itmakes contact with a protruding metal rod that is cooled by way of heat sinking to the ground below the building. The water vapor in the air condenses for the most part onto this cool metal rod (item 4B in FIG. 1) and ?ows into the reservoir4.The air,now fairlydry,entersblower fan5 andispushedupinsulatedpipe2D toentertheinlet manifold 1B, which like the outlet manifold 1D, is an insulatedbranchedpipe.A manifoldsuchasthisserves Other objects, advantages, and novel features of the inventionwillbecomeapparentfromthe‘following25 todistributetheair?owuniformlythroughoutthezeo detaileddescriptionoftheinventionwhen consideredin lite bed and so prevents build-up of adsorbate along conjunctionwiththeaccompanyingdrawings,wherein: restrictedpathsthroughthezeolitebed.Andsothe FIG. 1representstheentirezeoliticstoragesystem, with the solar thermal ?at plate collector in pictorial view and a cross section shown to reveal the zeolitic bed;theremainderoftheclosed-loopheatingcircuit sourceofstoredchemicalenergywhichisreadily changedintothermalenergybyallowingwaterintothe FIG. 2representstheentirezeoliticstoragesystemas system’sair?ow.Item4C isawateratomizerandinjec in FIG. 1 but in the air puri?cation mode; again, the tor that, at the control of a thermostat or otherwise, solarcollectorisshowninpictorialandtheheating35 sprays?nedropletsofwaterintotheair?ow.Thewater shown in schematic form. circuit is shown in schematic form. Referring to FIG. 1, item 1 shows a typical solar istakenfromthereservoir4bywayofpipe4A inFIG. 1. Blower 5 forces the water laden air into the dry zeo litebedcontainedinthesolarcollector,wheresomeof the water is adsorbed, resulting in released heat of ad sorption.Forthe13Xzeolite,theheatreleasedisabout 1800 BTU’s per pound of water adsorbed. Thus the air ?owing'through thecollectorisheated,and inturn heatsthebuildingasit?ows throughtheradiator3.The supply of heat only terminates when the zeolite bed is energythermal?atplatecollector.Item1A isaglass, plexiglas, or other transparent material in sheet form. Together with box 1C, they form a volume whose width and length are much greater than itsheight. Box 1Ccanbeconstructedtypicallyoftreatedwood,corru gated aluminum, plastic, or other material known to the art of solar collectors. All interior surfaces of the box are?atblackor?atdarkgreentomaximizeabsorbant45 completelywater-loadedandcannotadsorbanymore efficiency of the solar collector to the solar radiation. Thevolumeenclosedbythisboxis?lledwiththe13X zeolite (item ID) by preferred practise, though LMS type4A orotherzeolitewithwaterasitsprimaryadsor bate could be used instead. The entire solar collector 1 is aimed at the solar ecliptic, and may be mounted on the roof of a building, as shown in FIG. 1, or inside a solarium structure integral to the building, as repre sented in FIG. 2. The advantages of mounting the solar collectorinsidesuchasolariumareseveral:?rst,main 55 FIG.2illustratestheabovezeoliticstoragesystemin tenanceismuch easiertoaccomplish;second,thesolar collector serves also as radiator by exchanging its ab sorbed solar energy directly with the building’s interior, eliminating some extra radiators and decreasing heat loss from transport through ducts from the roof; and third, the economics are better than for the roof mountedversion. theair-puri?cationmode.Withthepartofpipesection 2C removed between radiator and reservoir 4, air from the building’s interior is circulated through the zeolite bedinthesolarcollector,warmedasintheabovespeci ?cation, and also puri?ed of hydrocarbons, then is blownbackintothehousethroughpipe2Aaspuri?ed warm air.Radiator3isomittedinthismode. By way offurtherspeci?cation,thefollowingisa sample calculation of the amount of zeolite needed for interiorofthesolarcollectortotheradiator3insidethe65 heatstorageforafamilyoffourlivingintheBoston Theoutletmanifold2A inFIG.1,consistingofinsu lated branched pipe, carries the heat-laden air from the house. Heat is exchanged from the piped hot air to the house interior through the radiator as with conven tional forced hot ?uid systems. area. Such a family requires about 20,000 BTU’s per day for space heating of a small house with four or ?ve rooms. As stated previously, type 13X zeolite releases entireheating/purgingcycleisrepeated. Now ,duringthesunlesshours(night-timeandcloudy days), the dry zeolite bed in the solar collector is a water. Inactualpractise,maximum cyclelifetimeforthe zeolite can be achieved by circulating the air?ow in the oppositedirectionforthepurgingcyclethanforthe adsorption cycle. This requires blower 5 to be revers ible. Another advantage of this invention lies in the fact that the 13X zeolite also adsorbs hydrocarbons, and so can purify the building’s air of hydrocarbon pollutants.PDF Image | ADSORPTION SOLAR HEATING AND STORAGE SYSTEM
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