PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 006
Georgsson and Fridleifsson 6 Geothermal energy in the world 3. GEOTHERMAL ELECTRICITY IN LATIN AMERICA AND EASTERN CARIBBEAN Central America is one of the world ́s richest regions in geothermal resources. Geothermal power stations provide about 12% of the total electricity generation of the four countries Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala and Nicaragua, according to data provided from the countries (CEPAL, 2010). Figure 2 shows the Berlin geothermal power plant in El Salvador. The electricity generated in the geothermal fields is in all cases replacing electricity generated by imported oil. Hydro stations provide 46% of the electricity for the four countries, and wind energy 2%. With an interconnected grid, it would be relatively easy to provide all the electricity for the four countries by renewable energy. The geothermal potential for electricity generation in Central America has been estimated some 4 GWe (Lippmann 2002), and less than 0.5 GWe have been harnessed so far. With the large untapped geothermal resources and the significant experience in geothermal as well as hydro development in the region, Central America can become an international example of how to reduce the overall emissions of greenhouse gases in a large region (Fridleifsson, 2007; Fridleifsson et al., 2008). Similar development can be foreseen in the East African Rift Valley, as well as in several other countries and regions rich in high-temperature geothermal resources. FIGURE 2: The Berlín geothermal power plant in El Salvador (Henriquez, 2008) South America also hosts vast sources of geothermal energy that are largely unexploited (Haraldsson, 2011). In 1999, the Geothermal Energy Association estimated the continent ́s potential for electricity generation from geothermal resources to be in the range of 4-9 GWe based on available information and assuming technology available at the time (Gawell et al., 1999). These resources are largely the product of the convergence of the South American tectonic plate and the Nazca plate that has given rise to the Andes mountain chain, with its countless volcanoes. High-temperature geothermal resources in Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru are mainly associated with the volcanically active regions, although low-temperature resources are also found outside them. All of these countries have some history of geothermal exploration, which has been now been reinvigorated with recent changes in global energy prices and the increased emphasis on renewables to combat global warming (Haraldsson, 2011). The 11 volcanic islands of the Eastern Caribbean lying on the inner arc have an estimated power potential of 16,310 MWe collectively, according to USDOE studies. Guadeloupe as of 2004 has an operating facility of 15.7 MWe and is the only island in the region harnessing power for its geothermal resource. St. Lucia, Nevis and most recently Dominica have drilled exploratory wells to analyse the resource for commercial exploitation. The current most significant progress is the drilling of 3 deep vertical exploration wells in Dominica. The first of these wells was completed in late January, 2012 and drilling of the second well has started (Maynard-Date 2012).PDF Image | GEOTHERMAL TRAINING PROGRAMME LaGeo
PDF Search Title:
GEOTHERMAL TRAINING PROGRAMME LaGeoOriginal File Name Searched:
UNU_GTP_SC_14_01.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)