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Pumping Water for Irrigation Using Solar Energy Page 9 photovoltaic power will become more cost competitive and more common. ENDNOTES 2. Irradiance: Solar power per unit area. 3. Cell temperature and cell type also influence power output. 4. Standard operating conditions (SOC): Irradiance - 1000 watts/m2, Cell temperature - 45 degrees C. 5. Peak watt (Wp): Maximum power output of photovoltaic system at SOC. 6. 1000 watts/m2 is considered to be the practical maximum amount of solar irradiance which can reach the earth’s surface after passing through the atmosphere. 7. Insolation: Solar energy received during a specific time interval. 8. An 80 percent chance of success means that on any given day the chance that the power supply will be unable to replace the daily water loss through evapotranspiration is 20 percent. Eighty percent is considered to be an appropriate success percentage for irrigation system design by the Florida Water Management Districts. 9. Price of module divided by the actual wattage output of the module under 1000 watts/m2 of solar irradiance as tested in the field. REFERENCES Dinh, K. 1988. A passive photovoltaic-powered solar tracker. Technical Bulletin. Dinh Company, Alachua, FL. Florida Solar Energy Center. 1988. Photovoltaic design: course manual. Cape Canaveral, FL. Garg, H.P. 1987. Advances in solar energy technology, Volume 3. Reidel Publishing, Boston, MA. Halcrow, S.W. and Partners. 1981. Small-scale solar- powered irrigation pumping systems: technical and economic review. UNDP Project GLO/78/004. Intermediate Technology Power, London, UK. Salameh, Z., A.K. Milpur, and F. Dagher. 1989. Controller gets last drop for photovoltaic system. Solar Today 14 (1): 26-27. Smajstrla, A.G., G.A. Clark, S.F. Shih, F.S. Zazueta, and D.S. Harrison. 1984. Characteristics of potential evapotranspiration in Florida. Soil and Crop Science Society. Fla. Proc. 43:40-46.PDF Image | Pumping Water for Irrigation Using Solar Energy
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