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13 inlet of the recuperator 218 where as much asl'pos'sible 14 boiler '276 for the manufacture of process steam, if process steam isdesired for some reason such as use in the coal gasi?er 265 ifthe coal gasi?cation process so requires. For control of the process steam itmay also be'desiredtoprovideanadditionalafterbumer278 which receives exhaust products downstream of the primary’heat exchanger 238 along,with compressed and‘heated airfrom the recuperator 262 and perhaps compressed gaseous fuel from the coal gasi?er 264 to 3,971,211 of its heat energy istransferred to’the,working (?uid in the high pressure sideIthereof.",The ‘recompression FeherCycleunbalancestheflowrateratiointhelower temperatureportionoftherecuperator-218.whichis upstream from the ‘junction 235 'and ,\therefore in creases the recovery of thermal energy from the ex hauststreamofthepower,turbine246.Thevcompres sion process requires more work per unit ?owrate'than thepumpingprocessandi'therefore'thespeci?cpower 2 provideadditionalheatenergytothesecondaryboiler output of the machine 212 is lower than ‘that of the 276. The exhaust of the secondary boiler 276 can then basic Feher Cycle machine as shown ‘i‘rloi's.How be used .to provide the heat energy for ‘the regenerator ever,therecompression?owfraction‘(amountrecom 262beforebeingexhaustedoutthestack. ' pressed versus total ?ow) can be selected such that the ,_~Asaforesaid, the steam for the steam turbine ma additionalcyclecompressionworkislessthantheim 15 chine216isgeneratedintheprimaryboiler272.Itis provement in the thermal recovery of the recuperator 218 and a high cycle efficiency is obtained. Although the minimum temperature difference between the high pressure stream, as ‘indicated by,isobar 25,0, and the lowpressurestream,indicatedbyisobar252,isthe20 thenrecompressedbythepump284andtransferredto same, the temperature difference profile is altered therefore the cost oftthe increased efficiency of the machine shows up as an increase in the surface area and cost of the recuperator 218 because of the very ?at temperaturedifferenceprofileinthe.unequal?owpor 25 conversionintohighqualitysteamandthesecondary tionof the recuperator 218. _ _ a . , . As ,in the previous Feher Cycletopping gas turbine machines,thegasturbine.214suppliestheheatenergy fortheprimaryheatexchanger238oftheFeherCycle machine212.Asshownthegasturbinemachine214 30 includes a compressor 260 which compresses ambient airwhichthereaftermay beheatedbyaregenerator 262 for passage to a cornbustor 264. Since the air is b'oiler 276 for'conversion into steam required for the process steam requirements. Of course ifthe process steam is‘open ended as shown, make-up water must be injected into the system and this is done at the inlet to thepump 284asshown.InFIG.9aswellasinFIGS.3, '5 and 7, the extensive use of counterflow heat exchang ersiand recuperators should be noted since most of the cycles require'a maximum temperature change of the compressedandheateditisconvenienttouseitboth transmitted?uidratherthana‘highvef?ciency'fora forcombustionandtopressurizefuelgenerationmeans 35 such as the coal gasi?er 265 shown. Whether a coal gasifier or other similar device 265 is used, the fuel and air are supplied to the cornbustor 264 where they are burned, supplying the heat energy for the primary heat exchanger238oftheFeherCycle212.Thereafterthe 40 exhaust products are supplied to a power turbine 266 which isused to drive the compressor 260 and, ifsuffi cient energy is available, a generator 268. To assure "given amount of surface area therein; Therefore that has been shown and described novel thermodynamic cycles having supercritical CO2 cycle toppingwhichful?llaloftheobjectsand advantages sought therefor. Many changes, alterations, other uses and applications of the subject thermodynamic cycles will become apparent to those skilled in the art after considering this speci?cation and the accompanying drawings. All such changes, modi?cations, variations that sufficient energy is available on demand an after bumer 270 can be included between the primary heat 45 and other uses and applications which do not depart exchanger 238 and the power turbine 236, such after bumer 270 being supplied with heated air from the regenerator262andperhapsfuelfromthecoalgasi?er 265 by means of a line not shown. The afterbumer 270, as afterbumers in the previous example, is used to 50 control the process so that the desired amount of elec trical energy can be obtained from the generator 268. The expanded and cooled exhaust products leaving the power turbine 266 are then conducted to the primary boiler272ofthesteamturbinemachine216.Theex 55 haust gases of the gas turbine machine 214 therefore are also the primary heat source for the steam turbine ‘machine 216. To enable control of the steam turbine machine 216 itmay be desirable to supply additional Iheatenergytotheprimaryboiler272andthiscanbe 60 done by means ofa supplementary cornbustor 274. The supplementary cornbustor 274 will necessarily be less efficient than the cornbustor 264 in terms of size and the material involved in the manufacture thereof since it‘must operate at the discharge pressure of the gas 65 turbine 266 which isnormally just above ambient pres sure. The exhaust products from the primary boiler 272 being relatively hot can be used to ?re a secondary from the spirit and scope of this invention are deemed to be covered by the invention 'which is limited only by the claims which follow. ‘ What isclaimed is: l. A heat engine comprising: acirculatingsystemcontainingCO2 aboveitscritical pressure, a C02 pump having an inletand an outlet, saidCO2 pump raisingthepressureoftheCO2 from a ?rst supercritical pressure to a second supercriti calpressure,aprimaryheatexchangerhavinga C02 inlet and outlet, said primary heat exchanger heating the CO2 when itisat a pressure above said ?rst supercritical pressure, a secondary heat ex changer having a C02 inlet and outlet, said secon daryheatexchangercoolingtheCO2whenitisat said ?rst supercritical pressure, a recuperator hav ing high and low pressure sides, said recuperator beingfortransferringheatfromtheCO2 atthe?rst pressure to'COz at a higher supercritical pressure, and a turbine having an inlet and an outlet, said turbine expanding the CO2 extracting work there from and exhausting at said ?rst supercritical pres sure; and then passed to a power turbine 279 where it is ex pandedandcooledbytheworkextractedtherefromto operate a connected generator 280. The spent steam is then cooled to liquid form in the condenser 282 and thesecondaryheatexchanger222oftheFeh‘erCycle machine 212 which,“ as aforesaid, acts as a feed water heater for the steam cycle 216. The heated water is thereafter conducted to the‘primary‘boiler 272 forPDF Image | THERMODYNAMIC CYCLES WITH SCO2 CYCLE TOPPING
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