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US 6,439,844 B1 34 and secured at their inner ends to turbine Wheels 11 rotatable about an axis 13. The radial outer ends of buckets 10 are provided With bucket covers 12 Which rotate With the buckets.A cover12maybeprovidedontheradialouterend of each bucket or on the outer ends of tWo or more buckets in the form of a band so as to alloW adjacent buckets to be coupled to a common cover or band 12. The joints betWeen adjacent bucket covers or bands 12 are in a generally Z-shaped con?guration as vieWed in a radial direction (see for example FIG. 7). As illustrated in FIG. 1, a sealing shroud 14 is ?xed to a stationary component 16 of the turbomachinery in radial oppositiontothebucketsintheplaneofrotation.Typically, the sealing shroud includes a plurality of circumferentially spacedsealingsegmentsforminganannulusaboutbucket15 covers 12. The shroud or shroud segments include axially spaced labyrinth teeth 17 to effect a seal betWeen the stationary component and the rotatable bucket covers. In lieu of the labyrinth seal, or in combination With the laby rinth seal as illustrated, a brush seal 18 is provided. Brush seal 18, as shoWn in FIG. 8, may comprise a brush seal bracket 20 housing a plurality of bristles 22 Which project from bracket 20 and engage their tips or distal ends against outer surfaces ofbucket covers 12. Bracket 20 may comprise tion as illustrated by the parallel solid and dashed Z-shaped lines in FIG. 7. In this con?guration, the brush seal bristles engage the outer surfaces of covers 40 at an axial location corresponding to the axial locations of intermediate axially angled margins 52 of the Z-shaped joint. While the lapped jointmay extendforthefullextentoftheadjoiningedgesin an axial direction, it is important that the bristle tips engage the bucket covers at an axial location of the lapped joint. The linear extending margins 53 and 55 along upstream and doWnstream sides respectively of the adjoining covers 40 need not be lapped, provided the angled margins 52 are lapped to form a seal and the bristle tips engage the outer surfaces of the covers at the axial location of the seal thus formed, ie the lapped joint, to preclude radial out?oW of highpressure?uidmediumintothebristlepack. FIG. 4 illustrates lapped joints betWeen adjacent bucket covers 60 of individual buckets. That is, instead of bucket cover bands or segments spanning tWo or more buckets as illustrated in FIG. 3, a discrete bucket cover 60 is provided foreachbucket,respectively.A lappedjoint64isillustrated betWeen each respective pair of adjoining edges 66 and 68. As shoWn in FIG. 5, each one of buckets 70 is provided With an individual bucket cover 72, respectively. Adjoining edges of bucket covers 72 are provided With tongue-and grooveconnections74.Forexample,theleadingbucket cover has a generally axially extending slot 76 for receiving a tongue 78 formed along the leading edge of a trailing bucket cover. In this manner, the tongue-and-groove forms an overlapping seal, preventing radial out?oW of the high pressure ?uid medium in the axial ?oW stream into the bristles of brush seal 18. As in the preceding embodiments, the bristle pack is located at an axial position radially overlying the seal betWeen adjoining bucket covers. The tongue-and-grooveoverlappingsealmay alsobeusedWith bucket cover segments spanning tWo or more buckets, in the manner illustrated in FIG. 5 With respect to the discrete covers on individual buckets. FIG. 6 illustrates a plurality of bucket covers or bands 80 spanning in a circumferential direction a plurality of buckets 82. In this embodiment, hoWever, a second or outer cover 84 overlies inner covers 80 at circumferentially staggered loca tions relative to the inner covers. Thus, as illustrated, outer covers 84 are provided in discrete lengths as bands or segments.Theseoutercovers84alsospancircumferential gaps 86 betWeen adjacent inner covers 80 and hence together With adjacent covers 80 form a sealed joint 88 therebetWeen. The overlying covers 84 thus seal gaps 86 and also seal at axial locations corresponding to the axial loca tion of the engagement of the bristle tips along covers 84. As a consequence, the bristles engage outer covers 84 along surfaces Which do not have any radial out?oW of high pressure ?uid medium that Would tend to de?ect the bristles and cause fatigue. While only certain preferred features of the invention have been illustrated and described, many modi?cations and changes Will occur to those skilled in the art. It is, therefore, to be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all such modi?cations and changes as fall Within the true spirit of the invention. What is claimed is: 1. In a turbine having a plurality of rotatable buckets, a stationary shroud surrounding the rotatable buckets, and a ?uid medium ?oW path through the turbine, a seal betWeen saidbucketsandsaidstationaryshroud,comprising: a plurality of arcuate covers carried by radial outer ends of said buckets for rotation With said buckets about an a pair of parallel plates 21 and 23 joined to one another at their proximal ends by a Weld 25 that also serves to secure the bristles to bracket 20. Bracket 20 is segmented circum ferentially such that a plurality of such brackets form an annular brush seal about bucket covers 12. FIG. 2 illustrates bucket covers 26 of the prior art as extending circumferentially betWeen tWo or more buckets 27. Adjoining edges 28 and 29 of circumferentially extend ing bucket covers 26 form a gap 30 that permits ?oW of a high pressure ?uid medium, e.g., steam in a steam turbine, radially outWardly betWeen bucket covers 26 for radial impact on bristles 22 of a brush seal 23. The radial outWard ?oW de?ects bristles22 both radially and axially and athigh frequency as gaps 30 betWeen bucket covers 26 rotate past the stationary bristles, tending to degrade turbine perfor mance and also causing bristle fatigue and failure. FIG. 3 illustrates a brush seal 18 having bristles 22 in engagement With bucket covers 40. Instead of gaps betWeen adjacent bucket cover segments, the adjoining edges of the adjacent cover segments form lap joints 41. For example, andasillustratedinFIG.3,thetrailingedgeportion44of45 each leading bucket cover 45 in the direction of rotation indicated by arroW 42 lies radially outWardly of, and over laps in sealing engagement With, a radially inWard leading edge portion 46 of the trailing bucket cover 48. The over lapped edge portions 44 and 46 form a seal betWeen bucket covers 45 and 48. The lapped joint is provided at each of the adjoiningedgesofcircumferentiallyadjacentbucketcovers or cover bands. The bucket cover bands or segments have an axial extent greaterthantheaxialextentofbristles22formingthebristle 55 pack of brush seal 18. Preferably, the tips of bristles 22 engage the bucket cover outer surfaces at an axial location along a doWnstream side of the cover, as distinguished from an upstream side of the cover. In FIG. 7, the ?uid medium ?oW isindicated by arroW 50 and the direction of rotation of the bucket covers is indicated by arroW 51. The brush seal bristles 22 engage the doWnstream sides of the bucket covers. Additionally, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the joint betWeen the adjacent bucket covers such as covers 45 and 48 isgenerallyZ-shapedincon?guration,andthustheadjoin 65 ing overlapped edge portions 44 and 46 of covers 45 and 48, respectively, have a similar generally Z-shaped con?gura 25 35PDF Image | TURBINE BUCKET COVER AND BRUSH SEAL
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