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US 6,227,799 B1 12 TURBINE SHAFT OF A STEAM TURBINE HAVING INTERNAL COOLING, AND ALSO A METHOD OF COOLING A TURBINE SHAFT CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION This is a continuation of copending International Appli cation PCT/DE098/01618, ?led Jun. 15, 1997, Which des ignated the United States. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a turbine shaft of a steam turbine, in particular for accommodating the high-pressure and intermediate-pressure blading, and also to a method of cooling the turbine shaft of a steam turbine. 10 15 US. Pat. No. 5,054,996 concerns a gas turbine rotor containing rotor discs interconnected by an axial tie rod. Air is directed through the gas turbine rotor, Whereby the rotor and the rotor discs are heatable and coolable essentially uniformly. US. Pat. No. 5,498,131 discloses a steam turbine instal lation With a system for reducing thermomechanical stresses, Which may occur in a turbine shaft during the starting up or shutting doWn of the steam turbine installation. Forthispurpose,thesteamturbineinstallationhasahigh pressure turbine section and an intermediate-pressure tur bine section With a single turbine shaft, Which has a central bore passing right the Way through. The central bore can be supplied With steam via a separate supply system for steam, respectively outside the casing of the turbine sections, during the starting up or shutting doWn of the steam turbine installation. BetWeen the tWo turbine sections, i.e. approxi mately at the center of the turbine shaft, the steam is discharged again from the central bore. The system makes it possibleforthetransientstarting-uporshutting-doWnstate to be passed through in a short time in an improved and controlled manner. In Patent Abstract of Japan N-303, Jun. 20, 1984, Vol. 8, No. 132, relating to Japanese Patent Application JP-A-59 34402, there is described a turbine shaft for a steam turbine. This turbine shaft of a single steam turbine has in its interior an axial bore, into Which there is centrally introduced a cooling ?uid, Which ?oWs out again on both sides atthe ends of the bore. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is accordingly an object of the invention to provide a turbine shaft of a steam turbine having internal cooling, and alsoamethodofcoolingaturbineshaft,thatovercomethe above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art devices and methodsofthisgeneraltype,thatWithstandsthe,inparticu larlocallyoccurring,highoperationalthermalloadsinsuch aWay thatitexhibitslong-termstability. With the foregoing and other objects in vieW there is provided, in accordance With the invention, a turbine shaft for a steam turbine having a rotation axis, including: a ?rst blading region of a ?rst turbine section disposed along the rotation axis; a second blading region of a second turbine section disposedalongtherotationaxis; abearingregiondisposedbetWeenthe?rstbladingregion and the second blading region, the ?rst blading region, the secondbladingregionandthebearingregiontogether de?ning an interior therein functioning as a cooling line for passing cooling steam in a direction of the rotation axis and together de?ning a circumferential surface; at least one out?oW line connected to the cooling line for dischargingthecoolingsteam;and at least one in?oW line connected to the cooling line for supplying an in?oW of the cooling steam, the cooling steam cooling highly temperature-loaded regions of the bearing region and the ?rst and second blading regions. Through the cooling line running in the interior of the turbineshaft,coolingsteamcanbepassedinthedirectionof the rotation axis through the turbine shaft and can be directed through the out?oW line. In this Way, both a highly thermallyloadedregionoftheturbineshaft,inparticularthe steam-in?oWregion,canbecooledfrominsideandatthe circumferential surface and in the region of fastenings for the moving blades. The cooling line can be inclined relative Theuseofsteamathigherpressuresandtemperatures helps to increase the ef?ciency of a steam turbine. The use of such steam imposes increased requirements on the cor respondingsteamturbine.Asingle-linesteamturbinehaving a high-pressure turbine section and an intermediate-pressure turbinesectionasWellasadoWnstreamloW-pressureturbine 25 section is suitable in the case of a steam turbine in a poWer rangeofseveral100MW. Boththehigh-pressuremoving blades and the intermediate-pressure moving blades are accommodated by the turbine shaft, Which if need be is composed of a plurality of segments. Each turbine section may have an inner casing and an outer casing, Which in each caseare,forexample,splithorizontallyandboltedtogether. The live-steam state characteriZed by the high-pressure steam may be at around 170 bar and 540° C. In the course ofincreasingtheef?ciency,alive-steamstateofupto270 bar and 600° C. may be aimed at.The high-pressure steam is fed to the turbine shaft and ?oWs through the high pressure blading up to a discharge connection. The steam expanded and cooled doWn in the process may be fed to a boiler and heated up again there. The steam state at the end of the high-pressure turbine section is designated beloW as “cold reheating”, and the steam state after leaving the boiler is designated beloW as “hot reheating”. The steam issuing from the boiler is fed to the intermediate-pressure blading. Thesteamstatemaybearound30barupto50barand540° 45 C., an increase to a steam state of about 50 bar up to 60 bar and 600° C. being aimed at. In a steam-in?oW region, in particular of the intermediate-pressure turbine section, con ?guration measures in Which the turbine shaft is protected fromdirectcontactWiththesteamviaashaftscreenmaybe carried out. In Published, Non-Prosecuted German Patent Application DE 195 31 290 A1 there is speci?ed a rotor for thermal turbo-engines, containing a compressor part, disposed on a shaft,acentralpartandaturbinepart.Therotorismadeup predominantly of individual Welded-together bodies of rotation, the geometrical shape of Which leads to the for mation of axially symmetrical cavities betWeen the respec tively neighbouring bodies of rotation. The rotor has an axiallydirectedcylindricalcavity,reachingfromtheendof 60 the rotor on the in?oW side to the last cavity on the upstream side. Placed in this cylindrical cavity are at least tWo tubes of diameters and lengths differing from one another. This is intended to alloW the rotor of the turbo-engine to be brought toitsoperatingstateWithintheshortesttimeandtobeeasy 65 to regulate thermally, i.e. according to requirements, heat able or coolable With relatively litle effort. 20 30 35 40 50 55PDF Image | TURBINE SHAFT OF A STEAMTURBINE HAVING INTERNAL COOLING
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