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34 M.-H. Yang, R.-H. Yeh / Renewable Energy 68 (2014) 25e34 2. Cold seawater temperature affects optimal condensing tem- perature more strongly than optimal evaporating temperature in an OTEC system with an ORC. By contrast, warm seawater temperature affects optimal evaporating temperature more strongly than optimal condensing temperature. 3. The optimal temperature difference of seawater for obtaining the maximal objective parameter for an OTEC system is affected strongly by cold-seawater inlet temperature but weakly by warm-seawater inlet temperature. Acknowledgments The financial support for this research from the Engineering Division of National Science Council, Republic of China, through contract NSC 101-2221-E-022-004, is greatly appreciated. References [1] Cavrot DE. Economics of ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC). Renew Energy 1993;3:891e6. [2] Avery WH. Ocean Thermal Energy conversion (OTEC)In Encyclopedia of Physical science and technology. 3rd ed.; 2003. pp. 123e60. 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Glossary At: total heat transfer area of heat exchangers (m2) Ac: heat transfer area of condenser (m2) Ae: heat transfer area of evaporator (m2) D: diameter (m) Dh: hydraulic diameter (m) f: dimensionless friction factor g: acceleration due to gravity, m/s2 h: heat transfer coefficient (W/m2-C) i: enthalpy of working fluid (kJ/kg) k: thermal conductivity (W/m- C) L: length of tube or pipe (m) Lt: thickness of tube wall (m) M: molecular weight of working fluid (g/mole) m: mass flow rate (kg/s) p: pressure (kPa) Pr: Prandtl number Q: heat transfer rate (kW) q: heat flux (W/m2) Re: Reynolds number T: temperature (C) Tcwi: cold seawater inlet temperature of heat exchanger (C) Twwi: warm seawater inlet temperature of heat exchanger (C) Twwo: warm seawater outlet temperature of heat exchanger (C) Tri: working fluid inlet temperature of heat exchanger (C) Tro: working fluid outlet temperature of heat exchanger (C) DT: temperature difference between inlet and outlet of heat exchanger (C) DTmean: logarithmic mean temperature difference of heat exchanger (C) DTw: the seawater temperature differences between inlet and outlet in heat exchanger (C) U: overall heat transfer coefficient of heat exchanger (W/m2-C) W: power of turbine or pump (W) Greek symbols g: ratio of Wnet to At h: efficiency m: dynamic viscosity (Pa-s) r: density (kg/m3) n: kinematic viscosity (m2/s) Subscripts con: condensation, condenser cw: cold seawater eva: evaporation, evaporator f: liquid g: vapor i: inside, inlet max: maximal net: net o: outside, optimization p: pump r: working fluid t: tube, turbine th: thermal ver: verification w: seawater ww: warm seawaterPDF Image | Analysis of optimization in an OTEC plant using ORC
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