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34 Geography CAPEX (USDm/MW) OPEX (USD/MW/yr) Capacity factor (%) LCOE (USD/MWh) United States* 0.97–1.00 14,620 60–80 61–69 Global* 0.97 14,505 68 69 Cost of Energy Technologies World Energy Council 2013 Gas Combined-cycle gas turbines are much cheaper and easier to build than coal plants and are considerably cleaner. They are therefore more acceptable to local populations and if the economics are right, much more investable. The critical factor in the economics of CCGTs, and their viability, is the cost of gas. In the US – where the shale gas boom has pushed down natural gas prices to currently around USD3–4/MMBtu – the economics of CCGT plants look particularly attractive. In Europe and Asia however the picture is somewhat different. Europe relies extensively on oil–linked contracts with Russian suppliers and imported LNG at USD10–12/MMBtu, ie up to three times as high as US domestic prices. Although the carbon pricing mechanism in Europe helps gas relative to coal, current carbon prices are nowhere close to the levels to achieve parity. At the current high price of gas and low price of coal, carbon prices need to be over €40/tCO2 to equalize the cost of running gas and coal plants. Carbon prices are currently around €5/tCO2. In Asia, gas prices are even higher. Japan for example no indigenous resources and imports its gas through expensive LNG cargos which are typically priced at USD16–18/MMBtu, some four times US prices. These price differentials significantly affect the cost of generating power from gas plants. In Europe even the most recently built CCGT plants are being mothballed due to the effects of high gas prices and competition from renewable and existing coal plants. In Japan the LCOE of new build CCGT is around USD150/MWh, while in the US it is between USD60 and USD70/MWh. Figure 14 Levelised cost of CCGT electricity by region, USD/MWh Source: Bloomberg New Energy Finance Japan United Kingdom Australia United States Table 15 Levelised cost of CCGT electricity by region Source: Bloomberg New Energy Finance. Note: *the given range is an average and does not reflect actual maximum and minimum values United Kingdom* 0.76–0.90 Australia* 1.16 Japan* 1.51 23,182 80 10,932 83 58,000 78 114–141 92–108 148 0 50 100 150 200 LCOE range MidPDF Image | Cost of Energy Technologies
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