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CHILE More than 64,000 tons of steel - in the form of wind farms and turbines - help to power the largest global producer of copper.4 By 2013, Chile had about 360 MW of wind energy capacity, capable of generating two per cent of country’s total renewable electricity [20]. But by 2030, it is estimated Chile will generate at least 10 times the wind power it generates today [21]. Wind has been a major breakthrough technology in the Chilean electricity mix, but it is far the only one. Chile currently supplies around 33 per cent of its total electricity with reliable renewable energy: hydroelectricity supplies about 87 per cent, biomass, over 10 per cent [20]. Chile’s abundant renewable energy resources could satisfy the country’s current energy consumption 25 times over [22]. Chile is getting there little by little. For example, compared to 2009, non-hydro renewable energy power generation in Chile almost tripled [20]. The increasing penetration of renewable energy in Chile is not coincidence. The country has established itself as a leader in Latin America’s clean energy landscape by adopting a 20 per cent renewable electricity target by 2025 [23]. It has become one of the region’s hot spots for green investments. The penetration of renewables in Chile’s grid has been fostered by the establishment of a robust energy policy framework. In recent years, the government has focused on increasing energy availability and security; promoting competition in the energy sector and sustainable investments; enhancing regulations to provide better access to clean energy; promoting research programs in the energy field; formulating energy efficiency and energy savings policies; promoting and engaging with renewable energy projects; and enhancing cross-cutting policies in the residential and transport sectors [24]. Since the year 2000, at least 11 policy vehicles have been introduced encouraging Chile’s renewable energy sector, including regulatory instruments, economic instruments, direct investment, research and development support schemes, and financial incentives, and obligations [25]. Perhaps the most encouraging policy vehicle has been the Law for Fostering Non-Conventional Renewable Energy. The “20/25 Law”, as it is commonly known, requires that by 2025, 20 per cent of electricity that providers supply to the grid must be from renewable sources [23]. Chile’s Energy Ministry is obliged to demonstrate how their own actions, such as awarding contracts, are in line with the 2025 objective. (CER) IN 2009 4 Onshore wind turbines require an average of 180 tonnes of steel per MW [19]. WWF | Green Energy Leaders: Latin America’s Top Countries In Renewable Energy | Page 22 CHILE ESTABLISHED THE CENTER FOR RENEWABLE ENERGIES Thanks to “20/25”, Chile not only portrays itself as a green powered economy, but has established its place in Latin America as one of the few countries with ambitious renewable electricity targets [26]. It is a renewables-friendly institutional framework that has allowed successful implementation of Chile’s renewable energy policies. For instance, the Center for Renewable Energies (CER) established in 2009 an official body, under the Ministry of Energy, to promote and foster renewable energy projects. It provides up-to-date information on latest technologies in the sector, enhances capacity building, and fosters cooperation among renewable energy advocates and interested stakeholders [27]. For some time, Chile has been a target for clean energy investments. In 2012, Chile was nominated as South America’s second most attractive market for clean energy, just after Brazil [10]. Over the period from 2006 to 2013, more than US$7 billion were committed to renewable energy projects [2]. In 2012 alone, over US$2 billion were invested in clean energy; 67 per cent of that was allocated to wind energy [7]. Around 270 MW of additional renewable energy capacity are currently under construction, and another 6,721 MW have been approved. A further 3,607 MW are being evaluated [28].PDF Image | Latin Americas Top Countries In Renewable Energy
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