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Nadaf et al., International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology E-ISSN 0976-3945 pipe, but over the last ten years huge leaps have been made in the development of thermoelectric assemblies to “recycle” some of this wasted energy. Specifically, TEGs can be attached to the outside surfaces of the exhaust pipe to remove heat. Although TEG systems can only capture a small percentage of the world’s waste energy, on a global scale this amounts to a huge potential savings. The utilization of waste heat energy from exhaust gas in IC engines is another novel application of electricity generation using thermoelectric power generators. In an automobile engine, the radiator and exhaust gas systems are the main heat output of an IC engine, Zhang and Chau(2011)reported that presently TEG systems are installed in the most of exhaust gas system as shown in the Figure 3 (exhaust manifold) due to its simplicity and low influence on the operation of the engine. Furthermore, TEG system including the heat exchanger is commonly installed in the exhaust manifold suitable for its high temperature region. These systems have a lot of potential and the BMW/Ford, General Motors, General Electric, Chevrolet, Volkswagen and Cummins companies have worked on TEG architectures and are all developing TEG systems. Most cars’ electronic systems are supplied with power from thermoelectric-generated electricity using DEWH, so we may see them on all the cars very soon. P. Yodovard (2001), N.ESPINOSA (2010),and Gunerhan(2005). Figure 3: Typical TEG waste heat energy recovery system (Yu C, Chau KT. 2009) D. Crane et al(2001) have been proposed several different thermoelectric systems and also tested for generating power via waste heat recovery Basel I. Ismail reported that the thermoelectric power generation offers a potential application in the direct conversion of waste-heat energy into electrical power where it is unnecessary to consider the cost of the thermal energy input. The application of this alternative green technology in converting waste-heat energy directly into electrical power can also improve the overall efficiencies of energy conversion systems. John LaGrandeur designed primary heat exchanger (PHx) to recover waste heat from the exhaust gas (downstream from the catalytic converter) and provide high quality thermal energy to the TGM PHx optimized to manage wide variations in exhaust gas mass flow and temperatures. S. R. Jumade, V. W. Khond (2012) have carried out a survey on waste heat recovery from internal combustion engine using thermoelectric technology and concluded that the use of copper for the support structure would provide better results. Marian, et. al. (2013) have investigated the possibility of using thermo-electric power to convert flue gas waste heat from a small-scale domestic pellet boiler and concluded that the heat losses from the flue gases are reduced. Mohd.Izam (2013) have carried out the experimental investigation of the thermoelectric generator modules with different techniques of cooling system and proposed that the water based cooling system would provide better performance Mori et al.(2009) studied the potentials of thermoelectric technology in regards to fuel economy of vehicles by implementing thermoelectric materials Hussain et al (2009) studied the effects of thermoelectric waste heat recovery for hybrid vehicles. Jorge Martins(2011) reported the combined use of Heat Pipes and commercially available TEG system for energy recovery of waste heat from the exhaust gases of automotive IC engines. The heat pipes were used as a means of efficiently transferring the heat from the hot exhaust gases to the TEGs. Stobart and Milner explored the possibility of thermoelectric regeneration in vehicles in which they found out that the1.3kW output of the TE device could potentially replace the alternator of a small passenger vehicle. Stobart et al. reported the potentials in fuel saving of thermoelectric devices for vehicles and they concluded that Upto 4.7% of fuel economy efficiency could be achieved. Zhang and Chau(2011) proposed the TEG system coupled to achieve maximum power output. They reported that the power improvement is recorded from7.5% to9.4%when the hot-side temperature of the TEG is heated from100 oC to 250 oC. From these articles, the understanding of TEG technology has been comprehensively discussed as a promising new technology to recover waste heat from internal combustion engines. Studies on thermoelectric devices are still an ongoing matter. 3.3 Air Conditioning and Refrigeration The A/C system adds nearly 35 % extra cost in fuel expenses. Alternately, it is a matter of investigation that waste recovery of an engine for application in A/C can reduce the fuel economy of vehicles. From the reviews of various literatures there is an indication that an automobile engine utilizes only about 35% of available energy and rests are lost to cooling and exhaust system. Therefore automobile becomes costlier, uneconomical and less efficient with addition of air conditioner in car also decreases the life of engine and increases the fuel consumption. Keeping these problems in mind, a car air conditioning system studied from recovery of engine waste heat using radiator water as source / exhaust heat. Figure 4: Schematic of a triple fluid vapours absorption refrigeration system (Abhilash Pathania) Int J Adv Engg Tech/Vol. V/Issue IV/Oct.-Dec.,2014/31-39PDF Image | REVIEW ON WASTE HEAT RECOVERY FROM DIESEL ENGINES
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