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End Uses for Geothermal Energy at Granite Mountain and Division Hot Springs Both the Granite Mountain and Division geothermal sites have been used by the people of the region as a cultural and subsistence resource for centuries. The sites have more recently been utilized for recreational and other uses. Therefore, the cultural value of the hot springs to the people of the region should be a major consideration for further investigation and development. Any future geothermal development for these two sites needs to involve not only NANA region stakeholders but also people who live in communities to the south: Koyuk in the Bering Straits region and Huslia in the Doyon region. In particular, the Division hot springs are co-managed by the Huslia and Upper-Kobuk Elders Councils in cooperation with the USFWS. Further study of the Division hot springs will require the input of these three organizations. Enhancement of Recreational Uses: Recreation and subsistence are the main reasons that people visit Granite Mountain and Division geothermal areas, with most of the visitors traveling to the remote hot springs by snowmachine from communities in the region. At Granite Mountain Hot Springs and Lower Division Hot Springs, existing cabins provide shelter for visitors. These structures could be improved or expanded, if there was enough demand from recreational users, or new shelter buildings could be built. A small lodge, cabin or a simple covered shelter with hot tubs and geothermal hydronic space heating could be built at the remote hot springs sites, using the latest energy-efficient construction techniques. If a small amount of electricity is used by such a lodge or cabin, it may be possible that a low temperature geothermal power system could be developed on site, but micro-scale solar PV and wind options would likely be less expensive and simpler to install and operate for such a small-scale use. Such a development, 100% heated and powered by renewable energy, could fall under the loosely-defined term of “ecotourism.” Greenhouses: Greenhouse projects are being proposed across rural Alaska as a way of providing fresh, locally grown produce to isolated communities. Most fruit and vegetables consumed in rural Alaska are imported via barge or airplane, originating from farms thousands of miles away. These long supply chains translate to very high food costs, lower-quality produce, and unnecessary fuel consumption and pollution from transporting the food. The greenhouse agriculture projects could also provide economic development and job opportunities for local communities. A properly designed and insulated greenhouse can utilize lower temperature fluid than an electric power generation plant. Therefore, greenhouses could be operated at far more hot spring sites than electric power generation schemes. Division Hot Springs in particular appears to have sufficient hot water to provide heating for a year-round greenhouse due to its higher temperature. Upper Division’s natural outflow of 19 liters per minute (5 gallons per minute) at 71°C (160°F) may be enough without any drilling to provide sufficient heating for such a project. However, direct-use heating for greenhouses could also be practical at Granite Mountain Hot Springs, with a 48 ̊C (119 ̊F) and a spring outflow estimated at 190 liters per minute (50 gallons per minute). 8 DE-FG36-07GO17075PDF Image | US Department of Energy Tribal Energy Program
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