PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 064
economizers in the industrial sector could extend to the commercial sector and facilitate further energy savings. 4.7 Ethylene Furnaces Ethylene is the largest volume petrochemical product in the United States and functions as a key building block for many other chemical products. Over 28.3 million tons of ethylene were produced in 2004145 requiring about 645 TBtu of energy input. A key component of the production process is the pyrolysis furnace (Figure 28), where hydrocarbon feedstocks are cracked at temperatures around 14001600°F [760870°C].146 The energy intensity of ethylene production varies depending on the feedstocks used: it requires about 16.7 million Btu/ton to produce ethylene from ethane and around 27.4 million Btu/ton when produced from naphtha/gas oil feedstocks. Based on the mix of feedstocks used in the United States, the average energy intensity for ethylene production is about 22.8 million Btu/ton, corresponding to a total of 654 TBtu/yr. It is estimated that about 58% of energy consumption or about 374 TBtu is consumed in the ethylene furnace alone.147 Ethylene crackers rely on fired gas or oil to provide heat to the pyrolysis reaction. The furnace consists of both a radiant section and convection section. The radiant section contains reactor tubes where the pyrolysis reaction takes place. The convection section consists of several heat exchangers where heat is exchanged between flue gases and process fluids such as steam and reactor feed. The flue gases leaving the convection section are at relatively low temperatures. As with other systems such as conventional steam boilers, typical furnace exhaust temperatures are around 300°F [150°C].148 It is fairly common for furnaces to be designed for higher efficiencies via cooling of the exhaust gases to lower temperature. In this case fouling on the outside of the heat exchanger is cleaned by steam lancing, while fouling on the inside is addressed by burning.149 Based on an assumed average exhaust temperature of 300°F [150°C], the unrecovered waste heat from these ethylene cracking furnaces is about 60 TBtu/yr (Table 19). Table 19 Unrecovered Waste Heat and Work Potential from Ethylene Furnaces Ethylene Furnace 374.0 300 149 60.5 29% 17.8 Note: Sources and assumptions in Appendix A: Documentation of Waste Heat Estimates Figure 28 Ethylene Furnace (Source: Selas Fluid) Source Energy Consumption Waste Heat 77°F [25°C] Ref Waste Heat 300°F [150°C] Ref Work Potential Assumed Average Exhaust Temperature Carnot Efficiency TBtu/yr °F °C TBtu/yr TBtu/yr TBtu/yr 49 PDF Image | Waste Heat to Energy Tech Opportunities in US Industry
PDF Search Title:
Waste Heat to Energy Tech Opportunities in US IndustryOriginal File Name Searched:
waste_heat_recovery.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |