PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 066
5.0 Industrial Waste Heat Losses and Research Development, and Demonstration Needs 5.1 Estimates of Exhaust Gas Waste Heat Losses from Selected Processes This study investigated several industrial processes, consuming a total of ~8,400 TBtu/yr, in order to estimate waste heat recovery opportunities. Estimates of unrecovered waste heat are shown in Figure 29 and Table 20. It should be noted that though the figure displays results by industry; these are not estimates of total waste heat losses by industry, but of the waste heat losses from selected processes analyzed in Section 4 of this report (e.g., iron/steel includes coke ovens, blast furnaces, basic oxygen furnaces, and electric arc furnaces, but not annealing furnaces). Of the 8,400 TBtu/yr analyzed, about 1,500 TBtu/yr is lost as waste heat in exhaust gases, based on a reference enthalpy of 77°F [25°C]. The work potential of this waste heat is about 600 TBtu/yr. Waste heat losses were also estimated based on a reference enthalpy of 300°F [150°C], since many facilities do not cool exhaust gases below this temperature. Waste heat losses with a 300°F [150°C] reference total about 660 TBtu/yr. The red column in Figure 29 shows waste heat losses calculated from a reference temperature of 77°F [25°C], while the green column shows waste losses calculated from a reference temperature of 300°F [150°C]. For lowtemperature sources analyzed, the green column is significantly lower compared to other hightemperature sources. Meanwhile, the blue column displays work potential, which provides a means for better comparing heat sources with different temperatures. For lowtemperature sources, work potential will be a smaller fraction of total waste heat losses, whereas for hightemperature sources work potential will be a larger fraction of total waste heat losses. The blue column in Figure 29 can be used to better compare waste heat losses in different processes, since it accounts for the varying value of low and hightemperature heat. Total waste heat losses depend largely on energy consumed by each system and on the typical range of exhaust temperatures for each system. For example, Figure 29 shows that steam boilers are significant sources of waste heat; however, most of this waste heat is at low temperatures (e.g., 300450°F). Large industry steam boilers typically have high efficiencies (8085%), which significantly exceed the efficiencies of other fired systems (e.g., glass furnaces have efficiencies as low as 30%). Boilers are used across a wide array of industries (food, paper, chemicals, refining, and metals), and it is estimated that industry relies on a total of 43,000 or more boilers. Therefore, even though boilers are one of the most efficient fired systems included in this study, the large number of boilers in operation leads to significant waste heat losses. When comparing opportunities available in industrial boilers, it is better to compare the green or blue columns in Figure 29, since these better reflect the low quality of waste heat from boilers. In doing so, one finds that heat recovery opportunities from industrial boilers my still be significant, since the work potential of boilers’ waste heat exceeds that of other sources. An appropriate conclusion would be that due to the large magnitude of steam boilers in industry, incremental improvements in boiler efficiency may continue providing additional opportunities for energy efficiency. Meanwhile, several other systems (glass furnaces, aluminum furnaces, cement kilns) are sources of medium to high temperature heat and also prevent significant opportunities for heat recovery. 51 PDF Image | Waste Heat to Energy Tech Opportunities in US Industry
PDF Search Title:
Waste Heat to Energy Tech Opportunities in US IndustryOriginal File Name Searched:
waste_heat_recovery.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)