PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 077
5.7 Summary of Key Barriers to Waste Heat Recovery Four opportunity areas for waste heat recovery, each with its concomitant barriers to waste heat recovery, have been discussed. While some of these barriers are specific to the given application, many are cross cutting across several heat recovery applications. They reduce the effectiveness of existing heat recovery systems and, in some cases, prevent recovery systems from being installed. In this section, key restrictions are presented by cost, heat stream composition, temperature, process and applicationspecific constraints, and inaccessibility/transportability of certain heat sources. 1) Costs i) Long payback periods Costs of heat recovery equipment, auxiliary systems, and design services lead to long payback periods in certain applications. Additionally, several industry subsectors with highquality waste heat sources (e.g., metal casting,) are renowned for small profit margins and intense internal competition for limited capital resources. ii) Material constraints and costs Certain applications require advanced and more costly materials. Costly materials are required for hightemperature streams, streams with high chemical activity, and exhaust streams cooled below condensation temperatures. Overall material costs per energy unit recovered increase as larger surface areas are required for moreefficient, lowertemperature heat recovery systems. 2) EconomiesofScale – Equipment costs favor largescale heat recovery systems and create challenges for smallscale operations. i) Operation and maintenance costs – Corrosion, scaling and fouling of heat exchange materials lead to higher maintenance costs and lost productivity. 3) Temperature Restrictions i) Lack of an enduse – Many industrial facilities do not have an onsite use for lowtemperature heat. Meanwhile, technologies that create enduse options (e.g., lowtemperature power generation) are currently less developed and more costly. ii) Material constraints and costs – (a) High temperature – Materials that retain mechanical and chemical properties at high temperatures are costly. Therefore, waste heat is often diluted with outside air to reduce temperatures. This reduces the quality of energy available for recovery. (b) Low temperature – Liquid and solid components can condense as hot streams cool in recovery equipment, leading to corrosive and fouling conditions. The additional cost of materials that can withstand corrosive environments often prevents low temperature recovery. (c) Thermal cycling – The heat flow in some industrial processes can vary dramatically and create mechanical and chemical stress in equipment. iii) Heat transfer rates Smaller temperature differences between the heat source and heat sink lead to reduced heat transfer rates and require larger surface areas. 4) Chemical Composition i) Temperature restrictions – Waste heat stream chemical compatibility with recovery equipment materials will be limited both at high and lowtemperatures. ii) Heat transfer rates – Deposition of substances on the recovery equipment surface will reduce heat transfer rates and efficiency. iii) Material constraints and costs – Streams with high chemical activity require more advanced recovery equipment materials to withstand corrosive environments. 62 PDF Image | Waste Heat to Energy Tech Opportunities in US Industry
PDF Search Title:
Waste Heat to Energy Tech Opportunities in US IndustryOriginal File Name Searched:
waste_heat_recovery.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |