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Cement Kilns Table A2.3 - Assumptions Used for Calculating Cement Kiln Energy Consumption and Exhaust Gas Waste Heat Loss Cement Wet Kiln 20% Dry Kiln 80% 5.2 98.0 3.8 291.5 640 338 0.589 No Preheater 18% 4.6 80.2 3.7 67.8 3.4 143.4 840 449 640 338 640 338 Preheater 19% 17,362,947 18,540,746 Precalciner 43% Total 100% 41,611,860 389.5 % US Productiona Clinker Productionb (tons/year) Fossil Fuel Consumption a (10^6 Btu/ton) Fossil Fuel Consumption (TBtu/year) CO2 Emissions Assumed from Chemical Average Reaction Exhaust (tons CO2/ton 18,87074,5,7158,552 0.589 a. Portland Cement Association, 2002.,US and Canadian Labor-Energy Input Survey, 2000 Survey, p. 12-26 96,320,310 b. Determined by multiplying % US Production in 2000 by total production in 2005. 2005 data from Van Oss, 2007, Cement US Geological Survey Minerals Yearbook 2005. c. BCS, 2003. Energy and Emission Reduction Opportunities for the Cement Industry, p.A4.. CO2 gases from clinker reactions were included in estimates of exhaust gas composition and flow rate in order to calculate waste heat loss. d. Exhaust temperatures for dry kiln with preheater and no preheater based on Peray, 1986. The Rotary Cement Kiln, p. 10. e. Exhaust temperature for wet kiln and precalciner kiln were assumed to be the same as a preheater kiln. A-8 Clinker)c Temperatured °F °CPDF Image | Waste Heat to Energy Tech Opportunities in US Industry
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