WASTE HEAT MANAGEMENT IN THE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY

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WASTE HEAT MANAGEMENT IN THE ELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRY ( waste-heat-management-inelectric-power-industry )

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The cooling system design codes which were assembled in part (4) of this study were used to evaluate mechanical draft wet towers and open cycle systems in terms of cost, water, and fuel consumption. Evaluations were made for each of the 18 RC regions taking into consideration regional variations in cost and meteorology. The evaluations were combined with the scenarios of energy demand and once-through cooling availability to provide regional estimates of cost and resource consumption for each siting pattern. By comparing the results for different siting patterns, estimates can be made of the incremental effects of different "standards" of thermal control. For example, Table 2-4 compares the base case siting pattern with alternative siting pattern one (cooling systems selected on the basis of historical trends, subject to a minimum river flow). The former pattern represents the current projected mix of cooling systems while the latter pattern reflects, roughly, the extent to which utilities would employ once-through cooling were environmental restriction concerning thermal discharges not an overriding concern. While the absolute additional costs, water consumption and fuel consumption are all large on an absolute basis, it is helpful to look at these figures on a relative bases as well. In this regard, the figures for water consumption seem most significant. For instance, nationally, the additional water consumption due to thermal controls would account for between 10% and 14% of the projected growth in all non-agricultural water uses between 1975 and 2000 (U.S.W.R.C., 1978). In comparison overall consumption from the steam electric power industry will represent the leading sector in new demands, accounting for roughly 42% of the growth in non- agricultural water consumption. 59

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