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2 Introduction working fluid which is an organic fluid replacing the conventionally used steam/water. This fluid is vaporized in the vapor generator or heat recovery boiler wherein the three phases of heating a fluid viz. preheating, vaporization and super-heating take place in a single heat exchanger. The vaporized fluid is then expanded in a turbine. Variations in the cycle architecture such as reheating and turbine bleeding are generally not suitable for ORC systems [6]. The expanded working fluid which is still a superheated vapor in such cases is cooled to within the range of its condensing temperature in a recuperator. The condenser then condenses the partially cooled vapor which is subsequently pumped to the evaporator via the recuperator which preheats the fluid. ORC finds its major application in waste heat recovery from flue gas and hence DiBella et. al. [7] suggests that the recuperator not only improves the cycle efficiency but it also maintains the minimum fluid temperature required by the vapor generator to prevent corrosion due to condensation of sulfur from the exhaust gas. Figure 1-1 illustrates a typical ORC system with recuperation. Figure 1-1: Layout of an ORC system [8] The following section provides a summary of the comparison between ORC and steam rankine cycle. 1-1-1 Comparison with Water/Steam Rankine Cycle ORC systems are quite similar in its layout to the conventional Rankine cycle with some differences which can serve both as an advantage and a disadvantage. According to Angelino et al. [9], configurations which are not feasible for water can be obtained with fluids having different critical parameters. The authors suggest low temperature supercritical cycles as one of its potential application. Quoilin et.al.[6], Vankeirsbilck et. al.[10], Tchanche et. al. [11] Akshay Hattiangadi Master of Science ThesisPDF Image | Working Fluid Design for Organic Rankine Cycle
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