PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 028
12 Background of a high degree of regeneration, moderate specific expansion work, low turbine rotational speed and significantly large volume flow rate at turbine outlet. Invernizzi et al. [30] studied exhaust gas heat recovery from small gas turbines by means of ORC systems in which cyclic siloxane D4 and linear siloxanes MM, MDM, and MD2M were considered as working fluids. Uusitalo et al. [28] evaluated the use of siloxanes as working fluid for a small capacity ORC turbogenerator based on the "high-speed technology" concept combining the turbine, pump and the generator on one shaft and the whole assembly is hermetically sealed and the bear- ings are lubricated by the working fluid. They concluded that the high molecular weight of siloxanes is beneficial in low power capacity (≈ 10 kWe) applications because it leads to larger turbines with larger blade heights at the turbine rotor outlet and lower rotational speed when compared to toluene. The scope of the current work is limited to the family of siloxanes which consists of cyclic fluids like Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, C8H24O4Si4 (D4), Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, C10H30O5Si5 (D5), Dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane,C12 H36Si6O6 (D6) and linear fluids such as Hexamethyldisiloxane, C6H18OSi2 (MM), Octamethyltrisiloxane, C8H24Si3O2 (MDM), Decamethyltetrasiloxane, C10H30Si4O3 (MD2M), Dodecamethylpentasiloxane, C12H36Si5O4 (MD3M) and Tetradecamethylhexasiloxane, C14H42O5Si6 (MD4M). The details of the lim- itation of the scope has been presented in Chapter 3. The following section presents one of the potential applications of ORC technology which has been used in this work. 2-4 ORC for Automotive Heat Recovery The development of internal combustion engines has arguably saturated. However, these engines discharge approximately 66% of the fuel energy content as thermal energy to the environment [21]. It is therefore apparent that there exists a large untapped fraction of the primary energy which can potentially increase the overall efficiency by effectively recovering thermal power. ORC for heat recovery has already been widely exploited in stationary power plants as highlighted in Chapter 1. However the implementation on board of vehicles is chal- lenging and no commercial application exists yet. A heat recovery system for an automotive engine must be efficient, small, lightweight, capable of highly dynamic operation, and satisfy the strict requirements of the automotive industry [21]. Investigation into the application of ORC for automotive heat recovery dates back to the 1970’s in the United States as a consequence of the first oil crisis [31, 32, 33, 34]. An ORC system powered by the thermal energy of the exhaust of a 210 kW Mack ENDT 676 diesel truck engine was one of the first design and experimental studies. The working fluid was Fluorinol-50, an equimolar mixture of trifluoroethanol and water and a three stage axial turbine was designed, realized and tested successfully. The turbine was connected to a gear box with twice the rotational speed than that of the diesel engine. The measured conversion efficiency at maximum power output was 61.5% and ran for more than 78 hours of continuous operation [21, 31]. In a successive study [32, 33], a fluid with high thermal stability RC-1 was considered for an advanced supercritical regenerated cycle. A 15 to 18% fuel saving at cruising speed was estimated depending on the condensing temperature. A turbine diameter of 8.9 cm with a rotational speed of 55,000 rpm was a result of the preliminary design. After a long absence, renewed interest into heat recovery is testified by several new research and development activities [21]. In a two-part article Teng et al. [35, 36] theoretically ana- Akshay Hattiangadi Master of Science ThesisPDF Image | Working Fluid Design for Organic Rankine Cycle
PDF Search Title:
Working Fluid Design for Organic Rankine CycleOriginal File Name Searched:
MSc_SET_Akshay_Hattiangadi_Final_Thesis.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)