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9.12 Figure 9.8 Worldwide growth of installed geothermal direct use capacity Source: International Geothermal Association World Energy Resources: Geothermal World Energy Council 2013 The growing awareness and popularity of geothermal (ground-source) heat pumps had the most significant impact on the data. The annual energy use for these grew at a compound rate of 19.7% per year compared to five years ago, and 24.9% compared to ten years ago. The installed capacity grew 18.0% and 20.9% respectively. This is due, in part, to the ability of geothermal heat pumps to utilise groundwater or ground-coupled temperatures anywhere in the world. The countries with the largest installed capacity were the USA, China, Sweden, Norway and Germany, accounting for about 63% of the installed capacity and the five countries with the largest annual energy use were: China, USA, Sweden, Turkey and Japan, accounting for 55% of the world use. Sweden, a new member of the ‘top-five’ obtained its position due to the country’s increased use of geothermal heat pumps. However, if considered in terms of the country’s land area or population, then the smaller countries dominate. The ‘top-five’ then include Netherlands, Switzerland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden (TJ/area), and Iceland, Nor- way, Sweden, Denmark and Switzerland (TJ/population). The largest increases in geothermal energy use (TJ/yr) over the past five years are in the United Kingdom, Netherlands, Korea (Republic), Norway and Iceland; and the largest increases in installed capacity (MWt) are in the United Kingdom, Korea (Republic), Ireland, Spain and Netherlands, due mostly to the increased use of geothermal heat pumps. In 1985, there were only 11 countries reporting an installed capacity of over 100 MWt. By 1990, this number had increased to 14, by 1995 to 15, by 2000 to 23 and by 2005 to 33. At present there are 36 countries reporting 100 MWt or more. In addition, six new countries, compared to 2005, now report some geothermal direct utilisation.PDF Image | World Energy Council 2013 World Energy Resources Geothermal
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