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World Energy Council 2013 World Energy Resources: Geothermal Bulgaria Electricity generation Installed capacity MWe Annual output GWh Annual capacity factor Direct use Installed capacity, MWt 98.3 Annual output TJ 1370.1 Annual capacity factor The number of hydrothermal sources in Bulgaria has been estimated at around 150 with about 50 of them having a total of 469 MWt of proven potential for extraction of geothermal energy. The majority of the waters have been found to be low-temperature at intervals of 20–90oC. Only about 4% of the total capacity has been found to have water hotter than 90oC. The theoretical potential of Bulgaria’s geothermal energy amounts to 13 856 TJ/yr with the technical potential put at 10 964 TJ/yr. There are in the region of 100 MWt geothermal systems installed in the country, representing some 23% of the currently discovered thermal potential. The annual average production is around 428 GWh. Bulgaria has a rich geothermal water supply within the temperature range of 20 to 100oC with the main geothermal activity concentrated in the southern part of the country due to the higher water temperature and low water salinity. The main geothermal direct-use in the coun- try is for balneology (prevention, treatment and rehabilitation, bathing and swimming pools), space heating and air-conditioning, greenhouse heating, geothermal heat pumps, direct thermal water supply, bottling of potable water and soft drinks and for unspecified industrial use. The cultivation of microalgae and production of iodine paste and methane extraction are some of the processes no longer in place. Canada Electricity generation Installed capacity MWe Annual output GWh Annual capacity factor Direct use Installed capacity, MWt 1045 Annual output TJ 5112 Annual capacity factor The geography of Canada does not easily lend itself to electricity generated from geothermal resources. However, since the late 1970s exploratory work has been ongoing at a volcanic complex, Mt. Meager in British Columbia. The site may have potential development capacity of 100 MW or greater, but this has not yet been verified. Ground source heat pumps can be installed almost anywhere in Canada and in total could theoretically meet the entire heating and cooling need of the country’s building stock. Since 2005 Canada has experienced a major transformation of the ground source heat pump industry. Led by the Canadian GeoExchange Coalition (CGC) and supported by 9.25PDF Image | World Energy Council 2013 World Energy Resources Geothermal
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