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9.26 Electricity generation Installed capacity MWe Annual output GWh Annual capacity factor Direct use Installed capacity, MWt 9.1 Annual output TJ 131.8 Annual capacity factor World Energy Resources: Geothermal World Energy Council 2013 Natural Resources Canada, more than 3 000 industry professionals have been trained to Canadian standards and more than 800 have received their installer or residential designer accreditation. The CGC has also certified thousands of residential installations. In recent years Canada has progressively increased the usage of heat pump technology. It is estimated that up to 50,000 residential and 5,000 commercial systems are currently installed. The cost of installing these units, especially in building retrofits, is often prohibited for the average consumer; however, federal and local subsidies have contributed towards the costs. The growth rate is estimated at 13% per year, with recent rates being as high as 50%. Heat pump technology has also been used in abandoned mines, starting as early as 1989 in the Springhill Mine of Nova Scotia where the heating and cooling provides savings estimated C$45,000/yr in energy costs. The City of Yellowknife in the Northwest Territories commis- sioned a study in 2007 to use water from an abandoned gold mine with a heat pump to provide district heating to the community, saving an estimated C$13 million/yr. Chile There has been interest in geothermal exploration in Chile since the beginning of the 20th century and although in recent years the question of security of energy supply has given the development greater impetus, a higher emphasis on the use of renewable energy generally needs to be instituted prior to further progress. It has been established that the Chilean Andes has more than 300 hot spring areas, giving the country an estimated high-temperature (over 150oC) potential of some 16 000 MWt.In the opening years of the 21st century the Geology Department of the University of Chile together with the National Oil Company (ENAP) and various countries with geothermal expertise undertook a research project in the central-southern areas of the country. Additionally, ENAP has worked with CODELCO (the National Copper Corporation) in the northern and southern regions. The intention of the studies was to establish areas that would be suitable for the generation of electricity. Geothermal energy in Chile is mainly used for recreational purposes. Current use in spa and swimming pools accounts for all the capacity. However, there are many private thermal spas and resorts in the geothermal area, for which quantitative information regarding their use of geothermal resources is not available. In some spas, shallow wells have been drilled to obtain hot water, while in others hot water is collected rudimentary and piped to the buildings pools, through shallow drains and plastic hoses.PDF Image | World Energy Council 2013 World Energy Resources Geothermal
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