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World Energy Council 2013 World Energy Resources: Geothermal Tanzania Electricity generation Installed capacity MWe Annual output GWh Annual capacity factor Direct use Installed capacity, MWt Annual output TJ Annual capacity factor Preliminary studies conducted in different parts of Tanzania by surface geological explora- tion, magnetic and gravity data analyses and reconnaissance exploration have indicated that the country possesses high-temperature (exceeding 200oC) fluids beneath the volcanoes. Hot springs have provided a positive indication of the country’s geothermal potential. Fifty hot springs have been sampled, with the majority having a surface temperature of 86oC and a reservoir temperature of 220–276oC. Presently the country’s geothermal resource is not utilised. However, and especially in the light of the growing energy demand, the National Energy Policy drafted in 2003 showed the need to assess the potential and establish its viability. Estimates indicate that the geothermal potential of Tanzania is as high as 650 MW. Based on first assessment, the potential was adjusted to be in the order of 140 to 380 MW. This value is based on the natural heat discharge from hot springs. Provided that geothermal reservoirs exist, the potential could be even higher. There are at least 15 hot springs in Tanzania with water temperatures above 40°C. They have been found in three regions: Thailand Electricity generation Installed capacity MWe 0.3 Annual output GWh 2 Annual capacity factor Direct use Installed capacity, MWt 3 Annual output TJ 79 Annual capacity factor Investigations of geothermal features in Thailand began in 1946 and subsequently more than 90 hot springs located throughout the country were mapped. However, it was not until 1979 that systematic studies of the resources began. A small (0.3 MWe) binary-cycle power plant was installed at Fang, in the far north near the border with Myanmar. Since commissioning in December 1989, this sole Thai geothermal plant has operated successfully, with an 85–90% availability factor. In addition, the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) is using the 80oC exhaust from the power plant to demonstrate direct heat uses to the local population. The exhaust can be used for crop dry- ing and air conditioning (the latter not currently in use). A further example of utilising the heat 9.57PDF Image | World Energy Council 2013 World Energy Resources Geothermal
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