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US 7,992,397B2 78 According to the second embodiment, CO2 brine produc tion system in Which carbon dioxide (CO2) is circulated as a secondary refrigerant by means of a liquid pump can be manufacturedeffectively.Particularly,accordingtothe?rst andsecondembodiments,byadoptingforcedcirculationby means of a liquid pump having a discharge capacity larger than the circulation ?oW required by the refrigeration load side (3~4 times the required ?oW), heat transmission is improvedbyalloWingthecoolercapableofalloWingevapo ration in a liquid or liquid/gas mixed state (incompletely evaporated state) to be ?lled by liquid and increasing the velocityoftheliquidinthecoolingtube,andfurtherWhen a pluralityofcoolersareprovided,theliquidcanbedistributed e?iciently. Further,byprovidingthesupercoolerinsideoroutsideof theliquidreservoirforsupercoolingallorapartoftheliquid intheliquidreservoirbasedontheconditionofcooledstateof liquidCO2 intheliquidreservoirorinthesupplyline,stable degree of supercooling can be secured. Further,byprovidingthebypasspassagebetWeentheout letoftheliquidpump andthebrinecoolertoalloWCO2 tobe bypassed through the open/close control valve to the brine cooler, even When degree of supercooling decreases at start ing or When refrigeration ?uctuates and pressure difference betWeentheinletandoutletofthepumpdecreasesandcavi tationstateoccurs,CO2 inaliquid/gasmixedcanbebypassed fromtheoutletofthepump tothebrinecoolertoalloWCO2 gas to be lique?ed so that the cavitation state is eliminated early. Further,ifthecontrollerisprovidedtounloadthecompres sor in the ammonia cycle forcibly based on the detected pressuredifferencebetWeentheoutletandinletoftheliquid pump, the compressor can be unloaded forcibly When pres sure difference betWeen the inlet and outlet of the pump decreasesandcavitationstateoccursasmentionedaboveto alloWapparentsaturationtemperatureofCO2 torisetosecure the degree of supercool in order to eliminate the cavitation stateearly. 20 25 30 35 injectingCO2 intheCO2 systemintheinsidespaceoftheunit toWard a section facing the ammonia system. Accordingtotheinventionlikethis,aneffectisobtainedin addition to the effects obtained by the ?rst and second inven tion that, When ammonia leaks from the ammonia system accommodatedintheinsidespaceoftheunit,carbondioxide can be spouted forcibly toWard the ammonia system in the inside space of the unit so that there occurs a chemical reac tionbetWeenthespoutedcarbondioxideandleakedammonia to produce ammonium carbonate to detoxify the leaked ammonia, and the safety of the system is further enhanced. Further, the invention is characterized in that said liquid pump is composed to be a variable-discharge pump con trolled to vary its discharge to alloW CO2 to be circulated forcibly based on at least one of the detected signals of the temperatureorpressureofacoolerprovidedattherefrigera tion load side or pressure difference betWeen the outlet and inletofthepump,aC02 spoutingpartisprovidedforreleas ingCO2 intheCO2 systemtotheinsidespaceoftheunitinto thespace,andopen/closecontrolofthespoutingpartisdone based on the temperature of the space of the unit or the pressureintheCO2 system. Accordingtotheinventionlikethis,aneffectisobtainedin addition to the effects obtained by the ?rst and second inven tionthat,Whena?reoccursduetoleakageofammoniaand temperature rises in the inside space of the unit or pressure risesintheCO2 system,the?recanbeextinguishedorabnor mal pressure rise can be eliminated by alloWing carbon diox idetobereleasedfromtheCO2 spoutingpartintothespace. Generally,inanapparatususingCO2 asarefrigerant,pres sure rise occurs When the apparatus ishalted for an extended period of time. To deal With this, conventionally, forced operation of machines in the apparatus is done or small sized machinesareprovidedfornonWorkingday.HoWever,asCO2 issafeevenifitisreleasedtotheatmosphere,byreleasing CO2 fromtheCO2 spoutingpart,anabnormalpressurerise can be eliminated. ItissuitablethatsaidCO2 spoutingpartforreleasingCO2 intheCO2 systemtotheinsidespaceoftheunitisformedat theextremityofaninjectionlinesurroundingtheliquidres ervoirinWhichasupercoolerisprovidedforsupercoolingthe liquidCO2 thereinatleastpartiallybasedontheconditionof coolingoftheliquidCO2 intheliquidreservoirorinthe supply line, or contacting the supercooler When the super coolerisprovidedoutsidetheliquidreservoir.InthisWay,the safetyofthesystemisenhanced,forCO2 cooledintheinjec tionlinecontactingthesupercoolerorsurroundingtheliquid reservoirisreleasedfromthespoutingpart. The present invention proposes as a fourth embodiment of theinventionanammoniarefrigeratingunitforproducing CO2 brine containing an ammonia compressor, a brine cooler forcoolingandcondensingCO2byutilizingthelatentheatof vaporization of the ammonia, a liquid pump provided in a supplylineforsupplyingthecooledandlique?edCO2 toa refrigerationloadsidelocatedintheinsideaclosedspaceof the unit, on the other hand an evaporation type condenser is locatedinanopenedspacesideoftheunit,andthecondenser is composed of a heat exchanger comprising cooling tubes, Water sprinkler, a plurality of eliminators arranged side by side,andacoolingfanorfans,Whereinsaidliquidpump is composedtobeavariable-dischargepump controlledtovary itsdischargetoalloWCO2 tobecirculatedforciblybasedon at least one of the detected signals of the temperature or pressureofacoolerprovidedattherefrigerationloadsideor pressuredifferencebetWeentheoutletandinletofthepump, andWhereintheeliminatorspositionedadjacenttoeachother are positioned to be stepped With each other so that the upper The third embodiment relates to an ammonia cooling unit forproducingCO2brinecontaininganammoniacompressor, 40 abrinecoolerforcoolingandcondensingCO2byutilizingthe latentheatofvaporizationoftheammonia, andaliquidpump providedinasupplylineforsupplyingthecooledandlique ?edCO2 toarefrigerationloadsidelocatedintheinsidespace oftheunit,andischaracterizedinthatsaidliquidpumpis45 composedtobeavariable-dischargepump controlledtovary itsdischargetoalloWCO2 tobecirculatedforciblybasedon at least one of the detected signals of the temperature or pressureofacoolerprovidedtotherefrigerationloadsideor pressuredifferencebetWeentheoutletandinletofthepump, aWatertankfordetoxifyingammonia isprovidedintheinside space of the unit, and a neutralization line is provided for introducingCO2 intheCO2 systemintheinsidespaceofthe unit to said Water tank. Accordingtotheinvention,aneffectisobtainedinaddition to the effects obtained by the ?rst and second invention that, When ammonia leaks from the ammonia system accommo dated in the inside space of the unit, carbon dioxide can be introducedtotheammonia detoxifyingWatertanktoneutral ize the alkaline Water solution of ammonia in the tank. 50 55 60 Further, the invention is characterized in that said liquid pump is composed to be a variable-discharge pump con trolled to vary its discharge to alloW CO2 to be circulated forcibly based on at least one of the detected signals of the temperatureorpressureofacoolerprovidedtotherefrigera 65 tion load side or pressure difference betWeen the outlet and inlet of the pump, and a C02 injection line is provided forPDF Image | AMMONIA CO2 REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
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