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11 meansofaliquidpump 5Whichisdrivenbyaninvertermotor ofvariablerotationspeedandcapableofintermittentrotation. Next, the freezer unit B Will be explained. The freezer unit B hasaC02 brinelinebetWeenthedischargesideoftheliquid pump 5andtheinletsideofthebrinecooler3,onthelineis provided one or a plurality of coolers 6 capable of allowing evaporation in a liquid or liquid/gas mixed state (imperfectly evaporated state). The liquid CO2 introduced to the freezer unitB ispartlyevaporatedinthecoolerorcoolers6,andCO2 isreturnedtotheCO2brinecoolerofthemachineunitA ina liquid or liquid/gas mixed state, thus a secondary refrigerant cycleofCO2 isperformed. 12 pressed by the compressor 1 is condensed in an evaporation type condenser 2, and the condensed liquid ammonia is expanded at an expansion valve 23 to be introduced into a C02 brine cooler 3 through a line 24. The ammonia evapo rates in the brine cooler 3 While exchanging heat With CO2 and introduced to the compressor 1 again to complete an ammonia cycle. Reference numeral 8 is a supercooler con nected to a bypass pipe bypassing the line 24 betWeen the outlet side of the expansion valve 23 and the inlet side of the brine cooler 3, the supercoller 8 being integrated in a C02 liquidreservoir4. Reference numeral 7 is an ammonia detoxifying Water tank, the Water sprinkled on the evaporation type ammonia condenser 2 and gathering into the Water tank 7 being circu latedbymeans ofapump 26.CO2 brinerecoveredfromthe freezerunitB sidethroughaheatinsulatedjoint10isintro duced to the CO2 brine cooler 3, Where it is cooled and condensed by the heat exchange With ammonia refrigerant, thecondensedliquidCO2 isintroducedintotheliquidreser tion to a recovery line 53 Which is provided betWeen the coolers 6 and the brine cooler 3. When the pressure in the coolers 6 rise above a predetermined pressure, the pressure regulationvalve31openstoalloWCO2 toescapethroughthe reliefline30. temperature loWer than saturation temperature of ammonia steamby l~5 degreesC.The supercooledliquidCO2 isintro ducedtothefreezerunitB sidebymeans ofaliquidpump 5 providedinaC02 feedline52anddrivenbyaninvertermotor 25 51ofvariablerotationspeed.Referencenumeral9isabypass passageconnectingtheoutletsideoftheliquidpump 5and the CO2 brine cooler 3, and 11 is an ammonia detoxifying line, Which connects to a detoxi?cation nozzle 91 from Which liquid CO2 or liquid/gas mixed CO2 from the CO2 brine US 7,992,397B2 In FIG. 2(A), a top feed type cooler 6 and a bottom feed typecooler6areprovideddoWnstreamoftheliquidpump 5. A relief line 30 provided With a safety valve or pressure regulationvalve31isprovidedbetWeenthecoolers6capable of alloWing evaporation in a liquid or liquid/gas mixed state and the brine cooler 3 in order to prevent undesired pressure rise due to gasi?ed CO2 Which may tend to occur in the bottomfeedtypecoolerandpressureriseonstartupinaddi 20 voir4tobesupercooledthereinbythesupercooler8toa FIG.2(B)isanexampleWhenasingletopfeedtypecooler is provided. In this case also a relief line 30 provided With a safety valve or pressure regulation valve 31 is provided betWeen the coolers 6 capable of alloWing evaporation in a liquidorliquid/gasmixedstateandthebrinecooler3inorder 30 cooler3issprayedtospacesWhereammoniamayleaksuch to prevent pressure rise on start up in addition to a recovery line53WhichisprovidedbetWeenthecoolers6andthebrine cooler3. as near the compressor 1 by Way of open/close valve 911. Referencenumeral 12 isaneutralizationlinethroughWhich CO2 isintroducedfromtheCO2 brinecooler3tothedetoxi fying Water tank 7 to neutralize ammonia to ammonium car FIG. 2(C) is an example in Which a plurality of liquid pumpsareprovidedinthefeedline52forfeedingCO2to35 bonate.Referencenumeral13isa?reextinguishingline. bottom feed type coolers 6 to generate forced circulation respectivelyindependently.Withtheillustratedconstruction, even ifthere is not enough hydraulic head betWeen the brine cooler3andtherefrigerationloadsidecooler6andthereisa someWhatlongdistancebetWeenthem,requiredamountof40 3.Referencenumeral14isaC02reliefline.Whentempera CO2 canbecirculatedforcibly.Thedischargecapacityof each of the pumps 5 should be above tWo times the How requiredforeachofthecoolers6inorderthatCO2 canbe recovered in a liquid or liquid/gas mixed state. turerisesintheunitA,avalve151isopenedandCO2inthe CO2 brine cooler 3 is alloWed to be released into the space insidetheunitthroughaninjectionline15surroundingthe liquid reservoir 4 to cool the space. The valve 151 is com FIG.2(D)isanexampleWhenasinglebottomfeedtype 45 posedasasafetyvalveWhichopensWhenthepressureinthe cooler is provided. In this case also a relief line 30 provided brine cooler rises above a predetermined pressure during Withasafetyvalveorpressureregulationvalve31isprovided operationunderload. betWeen the coolers 6 and the brine cooler 3 in order to Next, the freezer unit B Will be explained. In the freezer unitB,apluralityofCO2 brinecoolers6arelocatedabovea startupinadditiontoarecoveryline53Whichisprovided 50 conveyor25fortransferringfoodstuffs27tobefrozenalong betWeen the coolers 6 and the brine cooler 3. the transferdirection ofthe conveyor. Liquid CO2 introduced through the heat insulated joint 10 is partially evaporated in EXAMPLE 1 thecoolers6,airbroWntoWardthefoodstuffs27bymeansof cooler fans 29 is cooled by the coolers 6 on its Way to the FIG.3isaschematicrepresentationoftherefrigerating55 foodstuffs.Thecoolerfans29arearrangedalongthecon preventpressureriseduetogasi?edCO2 andpressureriseon apparatus offorced CO2 circulationtype inWhich CO2 brine Which has cooled a refrigeration load With its latent heat of vaporization is returned to be cooled through the heat exchange With ammonia refrigerant. In FIG. 3, reference symbolAisamachineunit(CO2brineproducingapparatus)60 eratedbythepartialevaporationinthecoolers6returnstothe integrating an ammonia refrigerating cycle part and an ammonia/CO2 heat exchanging part, and B is a freezer unit forcooling(refrigerating)arefrigerationloadbyutilizingthe latentheatofvaporizationofCO2 cooledinthemachineunit side. Next,themachineunitA Willbeexplained.InFIG.3, reference numeral 1 is a compressor, the ammonia gas com CO2 brinecooler3inthemachineunitA throughtheheat insulatedjoint10,thusasecondaryrefrigerantcycleisper formed. A relief line 30 provided With a safety valve or pressureregulationvalve31 isprovidedbetWeenthecoolers 65 6capableofalloWingevaporationinaliquidorliquid/gas mixedstateandthebrinecooler3ortheliquidreservoir4 provided in the doWnstream of the brine cooler in order to When a?reoccursintheunit,avalve131openstoalloWCO2 to be sprayed to extinguish the ?re The valve 131 is a safety valve Which opens upon detecting a temperature rise or upon detectinganabnormalpressureriseofCO2 inthebrinecooler veyor 25 and drivenby invertermotors 261 so thatthe rotation speed can be controlled. Defrosting spray nozzles 28 com municatingtoadefrostheatsourceareprovidedbetWeenthe cooler fans 29 and the coolers 6. Gas/liquid mixed CO2 genPDF Image | AMMONIA CO2 REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
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