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US 2010/0000876A1 Jan.7,2010 CAVIATION ASSISTED SONOCHEMICAL HYDROGEN PRODUCTION SYSTEM FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] Thepresentinventiongenerallyrelatestoef?cient generation of hydrogen and more speci?cally to in-situ hydrogengeneration. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] WateriscomposedoftWopartshydrogenandone part oxygen by mass or volume. Decomposed by any means, tWo moles ofWaterWillproduce one mole ofoxygen gas (O2) andtWomolesofhydrogengas(H2)atagiveninputofenergy E1.When combinedtogetherthroughanymeans,hydrogen and oxygen react to form Water, releasing a given output of energyE2.ByalknoWnprinciplesofphysicsandchemistry, E1>E2 and thus by thermodynamics the process is not favored in direct action. For hydrogen to be useful as an energy source and economical to use, a means must be created to either reduce the dissociation energy of Water, or provide energy in some other fashion in the process, for example With catalytic enhancement, or all the above. [0003] Hydrogencanbemanufacturedbyavarietyof means (including,butnotlimitedtochemical,electrical,ther mal, radiolysis, etc.) from a variety of chemical substances (including, but not limited to, Water, hydrocarbons, plants, rocks, etc.). In the present invention Water is used as the hydrogen source and a catalytic combination of electrolysis and cavitation isused to generate the hydrogen. The method ofcavitationmay beby avarietyofmeans (acoustical,hydro dynamicinertial,non-iner‘tial,mechanical,electromagnetic, etc.), or any combination thereof. [0004] Hydrogen,beingthemostabundantelementon earth as Well as in the Universe, holds particular promise as a fuel source, both on earth as Well as in space. Hydrogen can poWer homes and factories, transportation modes (planes, trains, and vehicles). Thus, hydrogen can serve to eliminate carbonfuelscompletelyintheelectricalcycle,thusbringing about a net subtraction by the contribution of anthropomor phic processes to terrestrial climate change. There are four signi?cant “hurdles” cited by numerous revieWs to the use of hydrogen. Each isnoted as folloWs. [0005] l.PI‘OdUCIIOIIiHOWtoproducemassiveamounts ofhydrogeninane?icient,safe,environmentally‘friendly’ fashion. [0006] 2.StorageiHoWtostoretheloWdensity,?am mable gas. [0007] 3.DistributioniHydrogen,beingdif?culttostore, is thus dif?cult to transport. [0008] 4.UseiHoW canhydrogenbeusedisabigger hurdle in light of the prior tWo items. [0009] AccordinglyWhatisneededisamethodandsystem to overcome the problems encountered in the prior art and to provide an economical method and apparatus to produce hydrogen. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0010] Amethodandanapparatustogeneratehydrogen gasasH2fromahydrogencontainingliquidsuchasWater.In oneembodiment,thestructureisaelectrolyticcellcon?gured With catalytic enhancements to maximize the volume and mass of hydrogen produced, and minimize the energy input, thusminimizingcostofoperation.Thisdeviceisparticularly con?gured to enhance catalytically the decomposition of Waterandtheformationofhydrogengasby: l)thecontainer apparatuscon?gurationofelectricandmagnetic?elds;2)the useofsonochemistryandcavitation;and3)theuseofappli cable solutes and solvents in the device that change the pH, ionicstate,andthechemicalpotentialofthedevicesolution. [0011] Thecavitationmaybegeneratedbyavarietyof means including but not limited to, acoustic energy, hydro dynamic(inertial,non-inertial),mechanical,electromagnetic energy, etc., or any combination thereof. [0012] Therearefoursigni?cant“hurdles”citedbynumer ous revieWs to the use of hydrogen. Each is noted as folloWs. [0013] l.PI‘OdUCIIOIIiHOWtoproducemassiveamounts ofhydrogeninane?icient,safe,environmentally‘friendly’ fashion.Thispatentiscapableofproducinghydrogenfrom Water,andbyanyfashioninitsrecombinationWithoxygento re-fromWater,producingnopollutionWhatsoeverandretum ingWaterbacktoitsoriginalform. [0014] 2.StorageiHoWtostoretheloWdensity,?am mable gas. This patent eliminates the need for storage, by creating a scalable process to generate hydrogen from Water in-situ Wherever it is needed. It thus eliminates the need for dangerous, costly, and hazardous storage and transport issues. [0015] 3.DistributioniHydrogen,beingdif?culttostore, isthusdif?culttotransport.Again,thispatenteliminatesthe need for storage and thus transport, by creating a scalable processtogeneratehydrogenfromWaterin-situWhereveritis needed.Thereisnoneedfordangerous,costly,andhazardous storage,distribution,andtransportissues. [0016] 4.UseiHoWcanhydrogenbeusedisabigger hurdle in light of the prior tWo items. With the elimination of those tWo items, the relative cost of the use of fuel cells becomes economical even to the middle class. Without the needforrefueling,orbyminimizingtheneedforrefueling, the ability to use fuel cells Will become ubiquitous to modern life. [0017] Amethodandapparatusofproducinghydrogenis disclosed comprising applying an electrical current to How through an aqueous solution. Cavitation is generated Within the aqueous solution, Where the cavitation loWers an amount of energy required to break chemical bonds of said aqueous solution. [0018] Theforegoingandotherfeaturesandadvantagesof the present invention Will be apparent from the folloWing more particular description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying draWings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0019] Thesubjectmatter,Whichisregardedastheinven tion,isparticularlypointedoutanddistinctlyclaimedinthe claims at the conclusion of the speci?cation. The foregoing and other features, and advantages of the invention Will be apparent from the folloWing detailed description taken in conjunctionWiththeaccompanyingdraWingsinWhich: [0020] FIG.1isadiagramofa?rstembodimentofa hydrogenproductionsystemaccordingtothepresentinven tion. [0021] FIG.2isadiagramofasecondembodimentofa hydrogenproductionsystemaccordingtothepresentinven tion [0022] FIG.3isadiagramofaconicalfunnelmemberof FIG. 2.PDF Image | CAVIATION ASSISTED SONO CHEMICAL H2 PRODUCTION SYSTEM
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