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US 2012/0071702A1 Mar.22,2012 subsystem controllers and for relaying setpoint and sub systemstatusinformationbetweentheapparatussubsystems astheyrequestsuchdataorstatusfortheiroperation.Opera tional limit conditions, error states and other events than occurduringinventionoperationthatrequiretheapparatusto change operational mode, halt, reset or communicate an operational or component status or alarm to an operator, external computer or device may also be handled by the controllerlogicPLC 211. [0056] TheinletpressurecontrolPLC200receivesfrom controller logic PLC 211, initially and periodically as required, inlet pressure setpoint 107 data, as values, value ranges or as an algorithm used to calculate a setpoint value or valuerangeusingpump inletpipe22sensor40,111,112data. The inlet pressure setpoint 107 data values specify, for a particularapplication,therequiredpressureandtemperature of the pumped media or the required number and size of bubblethatemitfromthebubblegenerationapparatus30,or both. Additionally, inlet pressure setpoint 107 data may be provided for other properties of the pumped media at the pump inletpipe22orofthegeneratedbubbles,ifapparatusto measure these are present. lnlet pressure control PLC 200 receives ranged analog or digital signal input from sensor transmitters Whose elements are mounted at the bubble gen eration apparatus 30 inlet, such as the inlet pressure transmit ter 11119 and the inlet temperature transmitter 112b. lnlet pressurecontrolPLC 200 isalsoconnectedtoandreceivesa ranged analog or digital signal input from the inlet bubble detectionapparatus40,Whichmay beinterpolatedtorepre sent the size and number of bubbles detected. Utilizing inlet pressurecontrol,carbondioxidereductionlogic106andinlet pressuresetpoint107data,inletpressurecontrolPLC 200 monitorspump inletpipe22temperature,pressure,andother properties,asWellasbubblenumberandsizeandrecalculates continuouslyduringoperationtherequiredtargetinletpres sure setpoint 107. During operation, the inlet pressure set point 107 required to maintain uniform, stable, continuous operationofthebubblegenerationapparatus30,asspeci?ed byaparticularapplication,mayvaryduetopump inletpipe 22 or discharge pipe 75 turbulence, pumped media ?oW rate ortemperaturechange,pump speedchange,dischargepres sure change, or change in another property of the bubbles or pumpedmedia.As thesechangesoccur,thepropertiesofthe generatedbubblesmayvaryoutsideanapplication’sspeci?ed range. lnlet pressure control PLC 200 can calculate a neW inlet pressure setpoint 107 expected to mitigate the bubble propertychangesandrestorebubbleproductiontotheappli cation’sspeci?cations.Thisprocessingcontinuesuntilinter ruptedbycontrollerlogicPLC 211,WhichcanprovideneW inletpressuresetpoint107dataordirectinletpressurecontrol PLC 200tosetaspeci?cinletpressuresetpoint107andstop processing. In addition, the controller 100 can provide panel mounted operators (not shoWn) and pump inletpipe 22 sensor indicatorsiinlet pressure indicator PI 1110, inlet tempera ture indicator Tl 112cithat enable manual control of the inletpressuresetpoint107.An inletpressuresetpoint107 manually input via a panel operator may be processed by controller logic PLC 211 as setpoint data from an external device or computer Would be and as a speci?c inlet pressure setpoint 107 With no additional processing by inlet pressure controlPLC 200. [0057] Onceaninletpressuresetpoint107iscalculatedby inletpressurecontrolPLC 200 itistransmittedtogetherWith the current inlet pressure process variable to inlet pressure controlPID201.PID201continuouslyreceivesupdatedinlet pressure process variable and setpoint pressure values. PID 201 then calculates and transmits a ranged analog or digital signal corresponding to the position of the motorized inlet valve pilot regulator 26 required to set the inlet pressure control valve 24 to the inlet pressure setpoint 107. If the motorized inlet valve pilot regulator 26 is equipped With its oWn controller,inletpressurecontrolPID 201 Willtransmita rangedanalogordigitalsignalrepresentingtheinletpressure setpoint 107 to the motorized inlet pilot valve’s controller, WhichWillinturncalculatetherequiredpilotvalvepositionto set the inlet pressure control valve 24 to the inlet pressure setpoint107. [0058] Altemately,controllerlogicPLC211candirecti either as part of its intrinsic logic or as commanded by an external computer or device or operatoriinlet pressure con trolPLC 200tousetheanalogordigitalsignalfromtheinlet bubble detection apparatus 40 as the inlet pressure control PID 201 process variable. TWo sequential operational modes areemployedtoimplementthiscontroltechnique.First,inlet pressure control PLC 200, using the aforementioned inlet pressuresetpoint107handlingtechniquesandinconjunction WithinletpressurecontrolPID 201, setstheinletpressureso that the bubble generation apparatus 30 is operating Within application speci?cations for bubble number and size. Sec ond, the interpolated analog or digital signal from the inlet bubble detection apparatus 40 corresponding to the optimal bubble properties is captured and used as the controlling setpointinplaceoftheinletpressuresetpoint107.Thiscap tured setpoint signal is continuously transmitted together Withthesignalfromtheinletbubbledetectionapparatus40, Which in this case is used as the process variable, to inlet pressure control PID 201. PID 201 subsequently varies the positionsignalorpressurevaluetransmittedtothemotorized inletvalvepilotregulator26,andconsequentlytheregulated pressure at the bubble generation apparatus 30 inlet, in response to changes in bubble properties. In this Way closed loop control of the inlet pressure required by the bubble generation apparatus 30 is continued in response to the inlet bubble detection apparatus 40 signal. lnlet pressure control PLC 200cancontinueitscontroloperationinthisalternate mode or sWitch back to inlet pressure setpoint 107, and detectedinletpressureprocessvariablebasedcontrolofinlet pressure control PID 201. [0059] Oncethemotorizedinletvalvepilotregulator26 position is set, the inlet pressure control valve 24 Will main tainthesetpressureWithoutfurtherpilotcontroladjustment. Consequently, in applications Where repeated or continuous changeinoradjustmentoftheinletpressuresetpoint107does not occur during normal operation, the inlet pressure control PID 201 can be omitted or replaced With a proportional integralcontroller(Pl)orothersimilar,simpler,proportional controller. It is understood, hoWever, that in many applica tions,?necontrolofinletpressuresetpoint107variationsWill berequiredtosustainoptimalapparatusoperationalparam etervalues. [0060] Oncebubblesaregenerated,theypassthroughthe regenerativeturbinepump 60andarecollapsed.Discharge pressurecontrolPLC 102andpump motorspeedcontrolPLC 104bothcontributetotheprocessofpump discharge68and discharge pipe 75 pressure control. Discharge pressure con trolPLC 102receivesdischargepressuresetpoint108data from controller logic PLC 211, initially and periodically, similartoinletpressurecontrolPLC 200,asvalues,rangesorPDF Image | CHEMICAL REACTOR SYSTEM AND METHOD REGENERATIVE TURBINE
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