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US 2011/0146939A1 Jun.23,2011 [0024] Bypassingaheattransfermediuminaconduit fromsolarenergyorfrommorenormalconventionalsources. going through the container, the heat generated by the exo thermic reaction can be removed from the system. It Will be seen that the device is thus a thermal storage thermal storage devicechargedWhen WatervapourisdrivenfromtheZeolite absorbing thermal energy from the heat source, and dis charged by releasing thermal energy When Water vapour is admittedtotheZeolitemolecularsieve.The expression “charge” herein describes the action of driving Water vapour from the Zeolite molecular sieve in the container, the expres sion“discharge”hereindescribestheactionofalloWingWater ?uidintheairconditioningsystem.Inthiscon?gurationthe vapourintotheZeolitemolecularsievecreatingheatbyWater deviceprovidesaloWenergyair-conditioningsystemparticu vapourrejoiningtheZeolitestructureandreleasingheatexo larlyforuseinhotsunnyclimates,WherethepoWerconsump thermically. tionofconventionalairconditioningsystemsisveryhigh. [0025] Theexpression“Zeolitemolecularsieve”herein [0032] TheinventioncanbeusedaspartofaWaterpuri? describes a presentation of Zeolite With pore siZes similar to the molecular siZe of a Water molecule in Which When Water vapour is able to react With and be absorbed into the pores or be driven from the pores of the Zeolite structure. [0026] The rate at Which Water vapour enters the Zeolite molecular sieve can be used to control the rate of heat gen erationandthustherateofdischarge.When suchathermal storage device is used as a thermal storage battery, heat is transferred from the device to the place at Which it is to be usedbyaheattransfer?uidpassingthroughducts.Theducts can be heated by the heat being released from the Zeolite molecular sieve during discharge. The heat transfer ?uid can be liquid or gas. Water, hoWever, is cheap and is suitable for mostapplications. [0027] Whenthethermalstoragedeviceisseenasathermal batterythethermalenergygeneratedbytheexothermicreac operation,forexampleinadesalinationplant. tionduringfulldischargeofthethermalstoragedeviceisonly [0034] Inotherapplicationstheinputshaftcanbedriven alitlelessthanthethermalenergyabsorbedduringcharging, formotherrotatableoutputs,theoutputshaftsofWave energy and the device is very e?icient. Thermal ef?ciency is devicesWouldbeonepossibility. improvedevenfurtherbycondensingtheWatervapourdriven [0035] Itshouldbenotedtoothatinaparticularlyinterest off from the Zeolite molecular sieve during charging and ing embodiment of the invention the device can be heated using the latent heat released by condensation and also by inductively by a magnetic ?eld rotating about permanent usingheatreleasedfromthedeviceasitcoolsaftercharging, magnetsatthecoreofthedevice.Thisisparticularlyusefulin and before discharge starts. Ef?ciency is improved further if the container is surrounded With a conventional thermal insu lator, Which can be spaced apart from the container itselfto provide an additional insulating airgap. [0028] Inoneembodimentofsuchathermalstoragesystem thebodyofZeoliteissupportedinametalmatrix,comprising thermallyconducting?nsextendingsubstantiallyintothe requirestemperatureWithinthestoretoberaisedto200°C. Zeolite molecular sieve, With spines extending laterally from the spines into the body of the Zeolite molecular to ensure excellent thermal connection betWeen the source of heat and the Zeolite molecular sieve. Such a structure is called a “Zeo litematrix”.Aluminiumisparticularlysuitedforuseatthe [0037] Inafurtherembodimentoftheinventiontherefore spines and ?ns and for the container itself as it has good thermal conductivity and is light. The container itselfcan be of modular construction using extruded aluminium sections. [0029] Ifelectricalheatingisusedastheheatenergysource sievebyheatingthesieveatapressurebeloWthatofatmo itcan be mains supplied, more economically. More economi cally,hoWever,theelectricalheatingcancomefromaWind turbine or Wave generator. [0030] Solarheatingfromasolarpanelisalsoaveryeco nomicformofheat,andtheheatenergyfromsuchasourceis very conveniently stored in the device of this invention by linkingthepaneltothedevicebyahighthermalconductivity material. [0031] Whenthedeviceispartofacoolingsystem,for attemperaturesachievablebysolarthermalcollectors.In example, an air conditioning system, poWer can be draWn such a system desorption can be at about 80° C. Such device is discharged by draWing Water vapour from an evaporator Which has a heat exchanger With circulating ?uid being the part of a conventional air conditioning system WhichevaporatesWatervapour.Inthechargingcycle,energy, say, from a solar panel is used to heat the Zeolite molecular sieve and drive offWater vapour absorbed by the Zeolite into acondenser.Whenthedevicecools,avacuumiscreatedin the Zeolite container Which in turn draWs Water vapour from the evaporator, repeating the cycle cooling the circulating cation system, for example a desalination plant. The device can draW poWer from solar energy or from more normal conventional sources. The device is discharged by draWing Water vapour from an evaporator Which is fed by impure Water. When the thermal storage device is discharged and chargingbeginstheWatervapourdrivenoutispureandcanbe collected in a condenser for use. Latent heat released from condensation, and heat released from the device While cool ing and discharging can be recycled to the evaporator to improve e?iciency. Such heat can also be used in a de-aera tionstageforde-aeratingtheimpureWaterbeforeitentersthe evaporator.A systemofthiskindcanbeusedforemergency sterilization. thermal storage applications and in Water puri?cation. The rotatable magnetic ?eld is coupled directly to an input shaft coupled to a Wind turbine Which can be used to charge the device When Wind conditions are suitable. [0036] Oneissueisthatundernormalconditions,heatinga Zeolite to drive offWater vapour as part of a thermal store [0033] Anumberofdevicesaccordingtotheinventioncan be connected to the heat energy source to ensure constant and this cannot be achieved easily or cheaply from environ mental heat sources such as solar or geothermal in cooler climates such as those found in Northern Europe or in the northern part ofNorth America. this invention a thermal storage system comprising a Zeolite molecular sieve in a container coupled to a thermal collector Wherein Water vapour is desorbed from the Zeolite molecular spheric pressure. [0038] InsuchathermalstoragesystemtheZeolitemolecu larsieveisatahigherpressureafteranyre-sorptionstepthan duringanyde-sorptionstep. [0039] Thestoragesystemofthisinventionisparticularly useful With a thermal collector that is a solar collector and desorption occurs under reduced pressure (compared to atmosphericpressure)toalloWdesorptionofZeolitetooccurPDF Image | ENERGY ABSORPTION AND RELEASE DEVICES AND SYSTEMS
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