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US 2011/0146939A1 Jun.23,2011 [0113] Alternativelyvalve113canbereplacedbyapump/ one Way valve combination Which Will have the effect of reducingvapourpressureWithinthesystemWhen itisturned onsuchthatthedesorptiontemperatureisreducedto80°C.In thisembodimentanairentryvalve121,closedatthisstageof the cycle, is also provided in the duct 119 back to the Zeolite store 101. An, air vent 125 is also required in the condenser/ evaporatortorelieveexcesspressureinthecondenserevapo ratorWhen thepump isoperating.When heatisbeing sup pliedfromthesolarpanel106,pump 113Willbeturnedon reducing the vapour pressure Within the thermal store 101 to alloW Zeolite Within the thermal store to desorb Water vapour at a loWer temperature than usually the case. In effect this reaction stores heat Within the thermal store. [0114] Usefulheatcanbeextractedbythecondensingof Watervapourinthecondenser.HoWeverthemainheatextrac tion from the system is as a result of Water vapour being admitted to the system from the evaporator as a result of the signi?cantly reduced pressure in the thermal store as a result oforiginalWatervapourhavingbeendesorbedWhen coil109 is providing heat. As coil 109 cools as Will happen, as it becomes darker outside and the collector 106 ceases to pro vide heat, cold Water is circulated through pipes 133 and 135 into and out of ducts in the thermal store 1 01 as described With reference to FIG. 10 (beloW) the temperature in the thermal store drops and any remaining Water vapour therein is re adsorbed by the Zeolite creating a reduced pressure draWing loWpressure/loWtemperaturefromthecondenser/evaporator 117 though one Way expansion valve 123. [0115] AsWatervapourisdraWnfromcondenser/evapora tor 117 into the store 101, adsorption Within the Zeolite takes place, liberating heat causing the store to heat. At reduced pressure in a hermetically sealed unit this adsorption takes place at about 60° C. and the temperature Within the store stabilisestothat.ThisheatisextractedtocirculatingWaterin, forexample,acentralheatingsystem.ThiscirculatingWater enters and leaves the store by piped 133 and 135 Which are coupled to ducts Within the store itselfas described beloW in FIG. 10. [0116] HoWever,ifthevalve113hasbeenreplacedbya pump/oneWayvalveandairentryvalve121isopenedandthe pump isturnedoffthepressureWithinthesystemWillriseto atmospheric pressure and the temperature Within the store on re-sorption Will rise to 150° C. [0117] InFIG.10,thethermalstore101issimilartothatof FIGS.1A,1Band3andcomprisescylindricalcontainermade up ofan innerWall 142 made ofextruded aluminium sections. Theends(notshoWn)ofthecylinderareclosedbyaluminium caps. The Wall 142 is separated by a gap 143 from an insulat ingouterWall144.Coil109isWrappedaroundtheinnerWall 142 and any remaining spaces betWeen the inner Wall and insulatingouterWall144?lledWithinsulatingmaterialsuch as rock Wool. The outer Wall 144 may be surrounded by furtherinsulatingmaterials.An extrudedaluminiumcentral core 145 has apluralityofradialaluminium ?ns 46 extruding to the inner Wall 142. Each ?n 6 has a number of aluminium spines147extendingthelengthofthecylinderandformedas arcsaroundthecentralcore145.TheregionbetWeentheinner Wall 142 and the central core 145 is ?lled With a Zeolite molecularsieve148.TheZeoliteknoWnasX13 isparticularly e?icientinthisapplication.The con?gurationofthe?ns 146 andspines147makesforgoodheattransfertothecentralcore 145andtheZeolite148,thespines147forminga?nemeshto contact the Zeolite molecular sieve 148. ItWill be seen that the combination of Zeolite 148, ?ns 146 and spines 147 forms a Zeolitematrix. [0118] Thecentralcoreitselfhasanumberofslots149on its periphery in Which the ?ns 146 are mounted. Close to the surfaceofthecoreareanumber ofducts 150 forWatervapour. The ducts 150 have slots 151 to the Zeolite molecular sieve 148,throughWhichWatervapourmay pass.Theducts110are connected through the end caps ofthe Zeolite store 101 on one side via a non-retum valve 113 (FIG. 9) to a condenser 115 (FIG. 9) and on the other side via valve 123 (FIG. 9) to loW-pressureevaporator119(FIG.9). [0119] Aseriesofheattransferpipes152runthelengthof thecentralcore145.Waterisusedastheheattransfermedium in this case. In this example the heat transfer pipes Would connecttoahotWatersupplyorcentralheatingsystemviathe ducts 133 and 135 shoWn inFIG. 9.But thereisno reasonWhy another heat transfer media should not be used. [0120] DuringthedaycirculatingWaterincoil109,Which has absorbed solar energy When passing through collector 106(FIG.9)heatstheZeolitemolecularsieve148forcingthe adsorbed Water in the Zeolite out as Water vapour (i.e. des orbs),throughtheslots151andducts150outofthecylinder. This Water vapour passes through a non-retum valve to a condenser(notshoWn).CoolWaterispassedthroughtheheat transferpipes152,coolingtheinteriorofthecylinder.Any Watervapourremaininginthecylinderisre-adsorbedintothe Zeolitemolecularsieve148,creatingareducedpressure,even a vacuum. This loW pressure draWs Water vapour through the ducts 150 and slots151 intotheZeolitemolecular sieve48.As the Water vapour is adsorbed into the Zeolite molecular sieve With the Zeolite releasing heat, the heat release gradually charges the Zeolite With Water until no more can be adsorbed, at Which point all possible heat has been released from the Zeolite.Theheatthusreleasedistransferredviathespines147 and ?ngers 146 to the central core 145 Where itheats Water passingthroughtheheattransferpipes152.Itcanbeseenthat heat taken from the thermal storage device both during cool ing and discharge is available for use. [0121] Inthesystemdescribed,Whenheatisdemanded, circulationofWarm thermal ?uidincoil109 isdiscontinued and Water to be heated is passed into and out of the internal ducts 152 (FIG. 10) though pipes 133 and 135. [0122] Althoughinthisexampletheoutputistoacentral heating system and or/hot Water cylinder, the heated output from the Zeolite store can be used to drive a scroll compressor to create rotational energy driving an electricity generator. It is calculated that in this con?guration described 10 m2 of solarcollectorWouldprovideto5KWh ofhotWaterandthen aRankinecycledeviceofthekinddescribedinthisparagraph Wouldfurtherconvertthatto1KWh ofelectricityWith4 KWh ofhotWaterremainingforheatingapplications. [0123] ThesystemasdescribedinFIGS.9and10maybe used in conjunction With a conventional solar collector sup plyinghotWatertoheatahotWatercylinderdirectly. [0124] OtherWaysofimplementingthedeviceshoWnin FIGS. 9 and 10 by use of alternative ?uids and of varying the construction of the thermal store Will be readily apparent to those of normal skill in the ?eld. In the latter case, for example, the coil 109 around the store can be replaced by ducts or coils Within the store to alloW transfer of heat to the Zeolite, the ducts 112 to alloW heat to be collected from the system can be Within the Wall 142 for example, as can the ducts 110 and slots 111. Water has been described as the heatPDF Image | ENERGY ABSORPTION AND RELEASE DEVICES AND SYSTEMS
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