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US 8,286,425B2 56 ber 36. Each radial in?ow nozzle vane 66 is compliantly mounted and thus pivotable about a vertical axis that is gen erally parallel to the vertically-extending center axis 25, as WillbedescribedinfurtherdetailedbeloW.Streamlinedstruc tural ribs 68 extend betWeen the underside 34 ofthe shroud 17 andtheannularmember36,andarecircumferentiallyspaced about the vertically-extending center axis 25. Each rib 68 is aligned circumferentially to one of the radial in?oW nozzle vanes 66. pins 76a and 76b, Which extend through the head 72a and are coupled to the ring 70 and the annular base 42. At least the portion of the head 72a enclosing the pins 76a and76b,andthedoWnWardlyextendingpinsthataresimilar tothepins76aand76b,iscomposedofloW-modulusmaterial such as, for example, rubber, one or more other types of elastomers, and/or any combination thereof. In conjunction With this loW-modulus material, the respective locations of thepins76aand76bandthepinssubstantiallysimilarthereto aresuchthatnormal?oW inducedpressureloadingoneach vane 72 is adapted to Work against the stiffness of the loW modulusmaterialandthepinsenclosedthereby,therebycre atinganetunbalancedmoment thatforcestheradialout?oW nozzle vane 72 to rotate or pivot about a vertical axis that is generallyparalleltothevertically-extendingcenteraxis25. The respective orientations of the pins 76a and 76b and the pins substantially similar thereto are such that, When no motive ?uid pressure is applied, the radial out?oW nozzle vane 72 isurgedtorotatetoafullyclosedposition,thatis,the endportionofthetail72bcontactsthehead72aofthe adjacent vane 72, as shoWn in FIGS. 8 and 9 (a fully open position is also shoWn in FIGS. 8 and 9, as indicated by the dashed lines). Thus, the vanes 72 are adapted to generally blockany?oW ofmotive?uidsuchasairtherebetWeeninthe inWardlyradialdirection,andtopermittheairto?oWther ebetWeenintheoppositeradialdirection(radiallyoutWard). Inanexemplaryembodiment,thevanes72may bepositioned relative to one another so that a preload is present to bias the vanes 72 against adjacent ones of the vanes 72, that is, to urge or force the vanes 72 to be closed When no ?uid pressure is aplied. Thelow-modulusmaterialenclosingthepins76aand76b may be corrosion resistant and thus particularly suitable for seaWater environments, inWhich Wave chambers, such as the Wavechamber22,arecommonlylocated.Moreover,theloW modulus material enclosing the pins 76a and 76b protect the pins76aand76bfromtheenvironmentsurroundingtheradial ?oW turbine 12. In several exemplary embodiments, the nozzlevanes 72 may be composed entirelyofaloW-modulus materialsuchas,forexample,rubber,oneormoreothertypes of elastomers, and/or any combination thereof. In an exemplary embodiment, each radial in?oW nozzle vane 66 is aerofoil shaped, having a head 6611 With a tapered tail 66b extending therefrom. Further, each vane 66 is com pliantlymountedandthuspivotableaboutaverticalaxisthat isgenerallyparalleltothevertically-extendingcenteraxis25 in a manner generally in accordance With the foregoing and shoWn in FIGS. 8 and 9, that is, With at least a portion of the head 66a of each radial in?oW nozzle vane 66 being com posedofaloW-modulusmaterialthatenclosestWopinsthat extend upWards and are coupled to the underside 34 and further encloses tWo pins that extend doWnWards and are coupled to the annular member 36. When no motive ?uid is applied,thenozzlevane66isinafullyclosedpositionhaving thetail66bcontactingthehead66aoftheadjacentvane66; thus, the vanes 66 are adapted to generally block any ?oW of motive ?uid such as air therebetWeen in the outWardly radial direction,andtopermittheairto?oW therebetWeeninthe oppositeradialdirection(radiallyinWard). In exemplary operation, With continuing reference to FIGS. 1-9, Wave motion occurs in the body of Water 18, thereby causing the Water column 14 to oscillate, that is, rise andfall,WithintheWave chamber22.When theWatercolumn 14 falls, a vacuum is formed Within the Wave chamber 22. As aresult,motive?uid,Whichisairinthisexemplaryembodi ment, isdraWn into the radial ?oW turbine 12. More particu larly, air is draWn into the in?oW radial passage 32, ?oWing A ring70isaxiallyspacedfromandpositionedabovethe annularbase42.A pluralityofradialout?oWnozzlevanes72 is coupled to the ring 70 and the annular base 42, extending axially from the annular base 42 and to the ring 70. The plurality of radial out?oW nozzle vanes 72 extends circum ferentially about the vertically-extending center axis 25 and alongthering70andtheannularbase42.Eachradialout?oW nozzle vane 72 is compliantly mounted and thus resiliently pivotableaboutaverticalaxisthatisgenerallyparalleltothe vertically-extendingcenteraxis25,asWillbedescribedin20 further detailed beloW. Streamlined structural ribs 74 extend betWeen the ring 70 and the annular base 42 and are circum ferentiallyspacedaboutthevertically-extendingcenteraxis 25. Each rib 74 is aligned circumferentially to one of the radialout?oWnozzlevanes72.Thestructuralribs68and74 25 rigidly align the inner and outer endWalls of the in?oW and out?oW ?oWpaths through the nozzle vanes 66 and 72 such that the pressure forces on the nozzle vanes 66 and 72 can be absorbed Without signi?cant radial or axial movement of the endWalls. With continuing reference to FIGS. 1-7, FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate enlarged vieWs of the radial out?ow nozzle vanes 72. Each radial out?oW nozzle vane 72 is compliantly mounted and thus resiliently pivotable about a vertical axis thatisgenerallyparalleltothevertically-extendingcenter35 axis 25. More particularly, each radial out?oW nozzle vane 72 is rotatably mounted in each of the ring 70 and the annular base 42. Further, since the nozzle vanes 72 are compliantly mounted,thenozzlevanes72may becon?guredtobeintrin sicallyloadedtobebiasedinaclosedposition,therebyper 40 mitting the air?oW through the nozzle vanes 72 of the radial ?oW turbine12tobecontrolledWithrespectto,forexample, thedirectionoftheair?oW,theminimum ?oW ratethatthe air?oWmusthavetoopenthevanes72andthus?oW through thevanes72,and/orotherparametersoftheair?oWthrough 45 the nozzle vanes 72 ofthe radial ?oW turbine 12. The com pliantly-mounted nozzle vanes 72, and the compliantly mounted nozzle vanes 66 (described in further detailed beloW),facilitatetheoperationofaduplex?oW devicesuch as, for example, the radial ?oW turbine 12, as Will be 50 described in greater detailed beloW in connection With the operationoftheradial?oW turbine12. The compliantly-mounted vanes 72 may take several dif ferent forms, or otherWise be con?gured, so long as the vanes 72arerotatablymountedandareintrinsicallyloadedtobe 55 biased to a closed position. For example, as shoWn in FIGS. 8 and 9, each vane 72 is aerofoil shaped, including a head 7211, With a tapered tail 72b extending therefrom. Each vane 72 further includes a structure such as parallel-spaced pins 76a and76b,WhichextendaxiallyupWardlyfromthehead72a 60 and are coupled to the ring 70, thereby generally ?xing the position of the head 7211 Within the radial ?oW turbine 12. Further,pinsthataresubstantiallysimilartothepins76aand 76b extend axially doWnWardly from the head 72a and are coupledtotheannularbase42.Inanexemplaryembodiment, 65 instead of including the pins 76a and 76b and tWo additional pins substantially similar thereto, each vane 72 includes the 30PDF Image | ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM WITH DUPLEX RADIAL FLOW TURBINE
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