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US 2013/0192219A1 Aug.1,2013 ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM WITH SELF-RECTIFYING RADIAL FLOW TURBINE AND METHOD aroundtheshaftandextendingatleastpartiallythroughthe secondradial?oW passage,thesecondpluralityofnoZZle vanesbeingcon?guredtoimpartasecondexitsWirlanglein the?uidasthe?uidproceedsthroughthesecondradial?oW BACKGROUND passage. [0001] Thisdisclosurerelatesingeneraltoenergyconver sion; more particularly, this disclosure relates to conversion of ocean Wave energy into rotational shaft energy. [0002] ToconvertWaveenergyintorotationalshaftenergy, aWaveturbinemay includeaWavechambercoupledtoanair turbine,WiththeWavechamberpartiallysubmergedinabody of Water to provide an oscillating Water column therein. In responsetoWave actionofthebody ofWater,theoscillating Watercolumnrisesandfals,actingasapistonbypushingand pullingair,oranotheroperating?uid,intoandoutoftheWave chamber.A challengetoimplementingsuchWaveturbinesis e?icientlyconvertingtheenergyofsuchabi-directional?oW of ?uid into useful mechanical energy. [0003] Mostturbinesaredesignedtoaccept?oWinasingle direction, and are optimiZed to direct the ?oW using stator vanes, Which channel the ?uid to impact and/or progress betWeen turbine blades at a desired ?oW angle. HoWever, in the case of the Wave turbine complex netWorks of valves are required to avoid drag losses during the “backward” ?oW. Unfortunately, these complex valve netWorks increase the complexity ofthe Wave turbine, Which can result in increased capital and operating expense; and can make the Wave turbine more susceptible to component failure. [0004] OneWaytoavoidsuchvalvenetWorksistousea bi-directional turbine, one example of Which is a Wells tur bine. In a Wells turbine, the blades are con?gured to receive the bi-directional ?oW to continuously rotate a shaft. Bi directional?oW,hoWever,inhibitsoptimiZation,andassuch, thee?iciencyandpoWeroutputofWellsturbinesisgenerally limited. This requires the turbines to be larger than desired, againresultinginincreasedcapitalandoperatingexpenses. [0005] Therefore,Whatisneededisanenergyconversion system and method that overcomes one or more of the chal lengesdescribedabove. SUMMARY [0007] Embodimentsofthepresentdisclosuremayalso provide an exemplary method of rotating a shaft. The exem plary method may include directing a ?uid from a Wave chamberthrougha?rstradial?oW passagehavingadecreas ing radius, and sWirling the ?uid While directing the ?uid throughthe?rstradial?oW passage.The exemplarymethod may alsoincludedirectingthe?uidbetWeena?rstpluralityof impulseturbinebladescoupledtotheshaft,andturningthe ?uidinanaxial?oW passageafterdirectingthe?uidbetWeen the ?rst plurality of impulse turbine blades. The exemplary methodmay alsoincludedirectingthe?uidbetWeenasecond pluralityofimpulseturbinebladescoupledtotheshaftafter turning the ?uid, and directing the ?uid from the second plurality of impulse turbine blades through a second radial ?oW passage having an increasing radius. [0008] Embodimentsofthepresentdisclosuremayfurther provide an exemplary apparatus for converting energy in an oscillating ?uid ?oW into rotational energy. The exemplary apparatus may include a base disposed proximal a Wave chamber, and a cap having an outer circumference and being spaced apart from the base. The exemplary apparatus may also include a turbine Wheel attached to a shaft and disposed betWeen the cap and the base, the turbine Wheel having ?rst and second roWs of impulse turbine blades and a plurality of turning vanes, the ?rst and second roWs of impulse turbine bladesbeingseparatedaxiallyapart,theturbineWheelde?n ing an axial ?oW passage extending betWeen the ?rst and second roWs of impulse blades, and the plurality of turning vanesextendingatleastpartiallythroughtheaxial?oW pas sage.Theexemplaryapparatusmay furtherincludeanannu lar member disposed around the turbine Wheel and having ?rstandsecondmembersthatconvergetogetherproximalthe turbine Wheel, the ?rst member and the cap at least partially de?ning a ?rst radial ?oW passage extending from the outer circumference of the cap to the turbine Wheel, the second member at least partially de?ning a second radial ?oW pas sage extending from the Wave chamber to the turbine Wheel. [0006] Embodimentsofthepresentdisclosuremayprovide Theexemplaryapparatusmayfurtherincludea?rstplurality an exemplary energy conversion system. The exemplary energy conversion system may include an annular member disposed around a shaft and at least partially de?ning a ?rst radial?oW passagethathasadecreasingradiusandis?uidly coupled to a Wave chamber and a second radial ?oW passage that has an increasing radius and is ?uidly coupled to a port. The exemplary energy conversion system may also include a ?rst plurality of noZZle vanes disposed around the shaft and extendingatleastpartiallythroughthe?rstradial?oW pas sage, the ?rst plurality of noZZle vanes being con?gured to impart a ?rst exit sWirl angle in a ?uid as the ?uid proceeds fromtheWave chamberthroughthe?rstradial?oW passage. Theexemplaryenergyconversionsystemmay furtherinclude a turbine Wheel coupled to the shaft, disposed radially betWeen the shaft and the annular member, de?ning an axial ?oW passage that is ?uidly coupled to the ?rst and second radial?oW passages,andincludinga?rstpluralityofimpulse bladesdisposedaroundtheshaft,the?rstpluralityofimpulse blades being con?gured to receive the ?uid from the ?rst radial?oWpassage.Theexemplaryenergyconversionsystem [0012] FIG.3isasectionalvieWofaportionoftheenergy may alsoincludeasecondpluralityofnoZZlevanesdisposed conversionsystem,inaccordanceWiththedisclosure. ofnoZZlevanes coupledtothecap andthe?rstmember ofthe annular member and spanning the ?rst radial ?oW passage, the?rstpluralityofnoZZlevanesbeingsubstantiallyrectilin ear. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0009] Thepresentdisclosureisbestunderstoodfromthe folloWingdetaileddescriptionWhenreadWiththeaccompa nying Figures. It is emphasiZed that, in accordance With the standard practice in the industry, various features are not draWntoscale.Infact,thedimensionsofthevariousfeatures may bearbitrarilyincreasedorreducedforclarityofdiscus sion. [0010] FIG.1isaperspectivevieWanexemplaryenergy conversion system, in accordance With the disclosure. [0011] FIG.2isaperspectivevieWofasectionofthe energyconversionsystem,inaccordanceWiththedisclosure.PDF Image | ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM WITH RADIAL FLOW TURBINE
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